高考英语重点词法击破3
<p> 高考英语重点词法击破：<span word="an">an</span>/<span word="a">a</span>/<span word="the">the</span></p><p> 1.结合语境，分析特指与泛指。</p><p> 【考例1】<span word="I">I</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="under">under</span> _______ <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="found">found</span> _______ <span word="book">book</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span>. （07北京卷）</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="the">the</span>; <span word="a">a</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="the">the</span>; <span word="the">the</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. /; <span word="the">the</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="the">the</span>; /</p><p> （<span word="B">B</span>）</p><p> 【解析】根据语境，两空均为特指。故选<span word="B">B</span>。</p><p> 【考例2】<span word="An">An</span> <span word="accident">accident</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="at">at</span> _______ <span word="crossroads">crossroads</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="meters">meters</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span> ______ <span word="bank">bank</span>.</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="a">a</span>;<span word="a">a</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. /; <span word="a">a</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. /; <span word="the">the</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="the">the</span>; /</p><p> （<span word="A">A</span>）</p><p> 【解析】依句首<span word="an">an</span> <span word="accident">accident</span>可知，这是听说的一件事，故两空均为泛指。</p><p> 2.表示类别，分清整体和个体。<span word="The">The</span>表示“人或物整体的一类”；<span word="a">a</span>/<span word="an">an</span>表示“一类人或物中的任何一个。”换言之，<span word="the">the</span>是从种类整体讲的，而<span word="a">a</span>/<span word="an">an</span>则是从种类个体的角度讲的。</p><p> 【考例3】<span word="Alexander">Alexander</span> <span word="Gaham">Gaham</span> <span word="Bell">Bell</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> ______<span word="telephone">telephone</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1876.（<span word="NMET">NMET</span>1991）</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. /</p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="a">a</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="the">the</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="one">one</span></p><p> （<span word="C">C</span>）</p><p> 【解析】<span word="the">the</span>是从整体角度讲的。</p><p> 【考例4】<span word="Nowadays">Nowadays</span>, _</p><p> __</p><p> __<span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="phone">phone</span> <span word="is">is</span> _</p><p> ___ <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="communication">communication</span>.</p>
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