2017全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编：科技说明文类（精校word版有答案解析）
<p> 2017 年全国高考</p><p> 英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之科技说明文类</p><p> （精校<span word="word">word</span>版有答案解析）</p><p> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="guard">guard</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="person">person</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="fixed">fixed</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>-<span word="set">set</span> <span word="believes">believes</span> <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="succeed">succeed</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="effort">effort</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="regards">regards</span> <span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="shame">shame</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span>, <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="quick">quick</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span>, <span word="lie">lie</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="stay">stay</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="difficulties">difficulties</span>.</p><p> <span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>-<span word="set">set</span> <span word="believes">believes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="talent">talent</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="entirely">entirely</span> <span word="heaven">heaven</span>-<span word="sent">sent</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="effort">effort</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="everything">everything</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>. <span word="Because">Because</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ego">ego</span> (自尊) <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="line">line</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="much">much</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>-<span word="set">set</span> <span word="sees">sees</span> <span word="failure">failure</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="chance">chance</span> <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="shame">shame</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="faced">faced</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="difficulty">difficulty</span>, <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="quick">quick</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rethink">rethink</span>, <span word="change">change</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="try">try</span> <span word="again">again</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="enjoys">enjoys</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>.</p><p> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="born">born</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>-<span word="sets">sets</span>. (<span word="Otherwise">Otherwise</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="wouldn">wouldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>.) <span word="But">But</span> <span word="parents">parents</span>, <span word="teachers">teachers</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="instructors">instructors</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="push">push</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="fixed">fixed</span> <span word="mind">mind</span>-<span word="sets">sets</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="encouraging">encouraging</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="misdirecting">misdirecting</span> <span word="praise">praise</span>. <span word="Dweck">Dweck</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="book">book</span>, <span word="Mind">Mind</span>-<span word="set">set</span>: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Psychology">Psychology</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Success">Success</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="online">online</span> <span word="instructional">instructional</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="explain">explain</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="depth">depth</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="sure">sure</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="children">children</span>, <span word="grandchildren">grandchildren</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="defeated">defeated</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="failure">failure</span>.</p><p> 【文章大意】</p><p> 本文是一篇科学调查报告。斯坦福大学教授<span word="Dweck">Dweck</span>经过40年的调查研究认为人们对待失败有两种不同的思维模式，这两种思维模式对我们如何对待失败有很大的影响。第一种是有固定思维模式的人，他们认为才能是天生的，成功不需要努力而失败是耻辱。他们逃避未来的困难。第二种是具有成长思维模式的人，他们认为才能不是天生的，努力和学习使一切成为可能。向失败学习并把它看作成长的经历。</p>
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