高考英语配套教学课件《Unit 3 The World online》专题语法攻略（二十二）省略和替代 译林版选修7
<p> 一、状语从句的省略 1.省略状语从句中的主语和<span word="be">be</span>动词，只保留分词或不定式，</p><p> 此种情况适用于从句和主句的主语一致时。</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="opened">opened</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mouth">mouth</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="if">if</span>(<span word="he">he</span> <span word="were">were</span>) <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="something">something</span>.</p><p> 他张开嘴好像有话要说。 2.省略状语从句中的主语及系动词，保留从属连词及表语，</p><p> 此种情况适用于从句的主语是<span word="it">it</span>时。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="if">if</span> (<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span>) <span word="necessary">necessary</span>.</p><p> 必要时我会来帮助你的。 3.在虚拟条件句中，如含有<span word="had">had</span>，<span word="were">were</span>，<span word="should">should</span>等助动词，<span word="if">if</span></p><p> 可以省略，句子使用倒装。</p><p> <span word="Were">Were</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span> <span word="now">now</span>，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="join">join</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="army">army</span>.</p><p> 如果我现在20岁，我就参军。 二、动词不定式的省略</p><p> 当不定式中含有前面已经出现的动词时，整个不定</p><p> 式可以省略，但在以下情况下要保留不定式符号<span word="to">to</span></p><p> 来代替整个不定式短语。 1.在<span word="want">want</span>，<span word="tell">tell</span>，<span word="expect">expect</span>，<span word="mean">mean</span>，<span word="hope">hope</span>，<span word="love">love</span>，<span word="plan">plan</span>，<span word="ask">ask</span></p><p> 等动词后作宾语或宾语补足语时。</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="dinner">dinner</span> <span word="together">together</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="want">want</span></p><p> <span word="to">to</span>.我请他一起去吃饭，但他不想去。 2.在<span word="have">have</span>，<span word="need">need</span>，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span>，<span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span>，<span word="ought">ought</span> <span word="to">to</span>，<span word="used">used</span></p><p> <span word="to">to</span>等情态动词或半助动词构成的复合结构中。</p>
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