高考英语配套教学课件《Unit 2 Growing pains》专题语法攻略 （二）冠词 译林版必修1
<p> Ⅰ.不定冠词的用法</p><p> 1 指一类人或事物，相当于<span word="a">a</span> <span word="kind">kind</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="plane">plane</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="machine">machine</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="fly">fly</span>. 2 第一次提及某人或某物，非特指 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="you">you</span>. 3 表示“每一”，相当于<span word="every">every</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="We">We</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="hours">hours</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>. 4 表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="supper">supper</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cold">cold</span>. 5 在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再次”“又一个” <span word="She">She</span> <span word="invited">invited</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 6 有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词 <span word="What">What</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pity">pity</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="missed">missed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="party">party</span>！ 7 不定冠词可用于“<span word="a">a</span> <span word="most">most</span>＋<span word="adj">adj</span>.＋<span word="n">n</span>.”结构，这时“<span word="most">most</span>”相当于“<span word="very">very</span>” <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span> <span word="coastal">coastal</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 8 用于“<span word="a">a</span>＋比较级＋名词”结构，与否定词连用时，表示“从来没有比这更……”，具有最高级意义 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="never">never</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="worrying">worrying</span> <span word="day">day</span>. 9 用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span>.<span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="out">out</span>. 10 用于某些固定词组中 <span word="a">a</span> <span word="couple">couple</span> <span word="of">of</span>，<span word="a">a</span> <span word="bit">bit</span>，<span word="once">once</span> <span word="upon">upon</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="hurry">hurry</span> Ⅱ.定冠词的用法</p><p> 1 表示某一类人或物 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="horse">horse</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="useful">useful</span> <span word="animal">animal</span>. 2 表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事 <span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="opening">opening</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span>？ 3 用于世界上独一无二的事物前 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="universe">universe</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="moon">moon</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Pacific">Pacific</span> <span word="Ocean">Ocean</span> 4 用于乐器前面 <span word="play">play</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="violin">violin</span>，<span word="play">play</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="guitar">guitar</span> 5 用于形容词和分词前表示一类人 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rich">rich</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="living">living</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="wounded">wounded</span> 6 表示 “一家人”或 “夫妇” <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Greens">Greens</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Wangs">Wangs</span> 7 用于序数词和形容词、副词比较级和最高级前 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="taller">taller</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="children">children</span>. 8 用于某些国家、党派等以及江河湖海、山川群岛的名词前 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Communist">Communist</span> <span word="Party">Party</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="China">China</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="French">French</span> 9 用于表示发明物的单数名词前 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="compass">compass</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="invented">invented</span> <span word="in">in</span> . 10 在逢十的复数年份之前，指世纪的某个年代 <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1990'<span word="s">s</span> 11 用于表示单位的名词前 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="hired">hired</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hour">hour</span>. 12 用于方位名词、身体部位名词以及表示时间的词组前 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="patted">patted</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shoulder">shoulder</span>. Ⅲ.零冠词的用法</p>
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