高中英语 语法精讲（Unit 20Archaeology）人教版
<p> 语法精讲 <span word="IT">IT</span>的用法</p><p> 1.用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="frog">frog</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="warmblooded">warmblooded</span> <span word="animal">animal</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="cold">cold</span>-<span word="blooded">blooded</span> <span word="one">one</span>.</p><p> 2.用以代替指示代词<span word="this">this</span>,<span word="that">that</span></p><p> —<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="this">this</span>?</p><p> —<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="flag">flag</span>.</p><p> —<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hers">hers</span>.</p><p> 3.起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物</p><p> —<span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="knocking">knocking</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="door">door</span>?</p><p> —<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="me">me</span>.</p><p> —<span word="Who">Who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="noise">noise</span>?</p><p> —<span word="It">It</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="children">children</span>4.指环境情况等</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="quiet">quiet</span>(<span word="noisy">noisy</span>)<span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span>.</p><p> 5.指时间、季节等</p><p> —<span word="What">What</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="it">it</span>?</p><p> —<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="eight">eight</span> <span word="o">o</span>’<span word="clock">clock</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="rains">rains</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="summer">summer</span>.</p><p> 6.指距离</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="kilometers">kilometers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="office">office</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="home">home</span>.</p><p> 7.形式主语<span word="it">it</span>的用法</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>+<span word="clear">clear</span>+<span word="that">that</span></p><p> (2)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span>+<span word="cruel">cruel</span>(<span word="kind">kind</span>,<span word="brave">brave</span>,<span word="nice">nice</span>,<span word="rude">rude</span>,<span word="wise">wise</span>,<span word="stupid">stupid</span>,<span word="clever">clever</span>,<span word="foolish">foolish</span>,<span word="polite">polite</span>…)+<span word="of">of</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.+ <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.</p><p> (3)<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span>(<span word="necessary">necessary</span>,<span word="possible">possible</span>,<span word="impossible">impossible</span>,<span word="easy">easy</span>,<span word="difficult">difficult</span>,<span word="hard">hard</span>…)+<span word="for">for</span> <span word="sb">sb</span>.+<span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="sth">sth</span>.</p><p> ①<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="foolish">foolish</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="money">money</span>.</p><p> ②<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="silly">silly</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="that">that</span>.</p><p> 介词<span word="for">for</span>和<span word="of">of</span>的区别依前面的那个形容词而定。如果那个形容词指的是一种行为的性质，就要用<span word="for">for</span>;如果那个形容词指的是行为的性质，同时又指行为的人，就用<span word="of">of</span>。换句话说，单说行为的用<span word="for">for</span>,如<span word="necessary">necessary</span>一词，仅指“行为”，而无法指“行为者”；而说及行为者的用<span word="of">of</span>，如<span word="kind">kind</span>一词，可以说“你的行为是亲切的”，也可以认为作为“行为者的你是亲切的”。</p>
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