英语复习精品语法学案：非谓语动词
<p> 从近几年的高考试题来看，非谓语动词考查特征呈现情景和设问角度的多样化趋势。具体考点如下：</p><p> 现在分词与过去分词的区别； <span word="done">done</span>, <span word="being">being</span> <span word="done">done</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span>的区别；不定式与分词作状语的区别；不定式的时态及疑问词＋不定式形式；谓语动词与非谓语动词的区分；非谓语动词的时态、语态、复合结构以及独立结构的使用。</p><p> 大家在判断使用何种非谓语动词形式时，可遵循以下规律：对比时间：对照谓语动词的时间，确定非谓语动词的时态形式；辨明逻辑：从非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系判断非谓语动词的语态。一、动词不定式</p><p> 1．动词不定式的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义主动 被动</p><p> 一般式 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="done">done</span></p><p> 进行式 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> /</p><p> 完成式 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="done">done</span></p><p> 完成进行式 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> /</p><p> 如：</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="this">this</span>.</p><p> <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="read">read</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="bridge">bridge</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="long">long</span>.</p><p> <span word="I">I</span>'<span word="m">m</span> <span word="sorry">sorry</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="kept">kept</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="long">long</span>.</p><p> <span word="His">His</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="novel">novel</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="published">published</span>.</p><p> <span word="She">She</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="letter">letter</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="passed">passed</span> <span word="by">by</span>.</p><p> 了解不定式各种形式的时态和语态意义对正确理解和使用不定式起着很重要的作用。要结合不定式的句法功能一起掌握，灵活运用。</p>
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