高考英语二轮复习精品课件：专题二语法 第2讲时态与语态（大纲版湖北专用）
<p> 被动语态 一、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题 5.当句子的谓语为<span word="say">say</span>, <span word="believe">believe</span>, <span word="expect">expect</span>, <span word="think">think</span>, <span word="know">know</span>, <span word="write">write</span>, <span word="consider">consider</span>, <span word="report">report</span>等时，被动语态有两种形式： ①谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。 ②用<span word="it">it</span>作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。 <span word="People">People</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="first">first</span>. →<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="first">first</span>. →<span word="Paper">Paper</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="first">first</span>. 类似句型有：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="said">said</span>/<span word="known">known</span>/<span word="suggested">suggested</span>/<span word="believed">believed</span>/<span word="hoped">hoped</span>/ <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="that">that</span> ··· 被动语态 二、不能用被动语态的几种情况</p><p> 1.所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。</p><p> 2.表示状态的谓语动词，如：<span word="last">last</span>, <span word="hold">hold</span>, <span word="benefit">benefit</span>, <span word="contain">contain</span>, <span word="equal">equal</span>, <span word="fit">fit</span>, <span word="join">join</span>, <span word="mean">mean</span>, <span word="look">look</span> <span word="like">like</span>, <span word="consist">consist</span> <span word="of">of</span> 等。</p><p> 3.表示归属的动词，如：<span word="have">have</span>, <span word="own">own</span>, <span word="belong">belong</span> <span word="to">to</span>等。</p><p> 4.表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：<span word="wish">wish</span>, <span word="want">want</span>, <span word="hope">hope</span>, <span word="like">like</span>, <span word="love">love</span>, <span word="hate">hate</span>等。</p><p> 5.宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。</p><p> 6.宾语是同源宾语，不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。</p><p> 7.有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有<span word="sell">sell</span>, <span word="write">write</span>, <span word="wash">wash</span>, <span word="open">open</span>, <span word="lock">lock</span>等。</p><p> 被动语态 三、主动形式表被动意义</p><p> 1.当<span word="feel">feel</span>, <span word="look">look</span>, <span word="smell">smell</span>, <span word="taste">taste</span>, <span word="sound">sound</span>等后面接形容词时；当<span word="cut">cut</span>, <span word="read">read</span>, <span word="sell">sell</span>, <span word="wear">wear</span>, <span word="write">write</span>等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时，用主动形式表示被动含义。</p>
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