中国地名英译的一些注意事项
<p>用汉语拼音字母拼写中国地名，不仅是中国的统一标准，而且是国际标准，全世界都要遵照使用。根据笔者英译中国地名的体会，本文拟谈谈中国地名英译的几点注意事项，供译者和读者参考。</p><p> 一、专名是单音节的英译法</p><p>专名是单音节，通名也是单音节，这时通名应视作专名的组成部分，先音译并与专名连写，后重复意译，分写(汉字带点的字是通名，英语的画线部分是音译;括号内为该地所在省、市、地区或县，下同)例如：</p><p>1、恒山 <span word="Hengshan">Hengshan</span> <span word="Mountain">Mountain</span> (山西)</p><p>2、淮河 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Huaihe">Huaihe</span> <span word="River">River</span> (河南、安徽、江苏)</p><p>3、巢湖 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chaohu">Chaohu</span> <span word="Lake">Lake</span> (安徽)</p><p>4、渤海 <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bohai">Bohai</span> <span word="Sea">Sea</span> (辽宁、山东)</p><p> 二、通名专名化的英译法</p><p>通名专名化主要指单音节的通名，如山、河、江、湖、海、港、峡、关、岛等，按专名处理，与专名连写，构成专名整体(汉语带点的字和英语的画线部分即为通名专名化)。例如：</p><p>1、都江堰市 <span word="Dujiangyan">Dujiangyan</span> <span word="City">City</span> (比较：<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Dujiang">Dujiang</span> <span word="Weir">Weir</span>)(四川)</p><p>2、绥芬河市 <span word="Suifenhe">Suifenhe</span> <span word="City">City</span> (比较：<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Suifen">Suifen</span> <span word="River">River</span>)(黑龙江)</p><p>3、武夷山自然保护区 <span word="Wryishan">Wryishan</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span> <span word="Reserve">Reserve</span>(比较：<span word="Wuyi">Wuyi</span> <span word="Mountain">Mountain</span>)(福建)</p><p>4、西湖区风景名胜区 <span word="Scenic">Scenic</span> <span word="Spots">Spots</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Historic">Historic</span> <span word="Sites">Sites</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Xihu">Xihu</span>(比较：<span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="lake">lake</span>)(浙江杭州)</p>
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