2017届高考英语1轮复习牛津译林江苏专版课件：M6 Unit 4《Helping people around the World》
<p> 3. <span word="C">C</span> 短语辨析。<span word="in">in</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="of">of</span> 寻找； <span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span> 代替； <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span> 因缺乏； <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="of">of</span> 生怕，以免。句子的完整意思应该是：大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦，因为缺乏空间。 3. <span word="More">More</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="high">high</span><span word="rise">rise</span> <span word="buildings">buildings</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="built">built</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="cities">cities</span> ________ <span word="space">space</span>.(2010·福建)</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="of">of</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="in">in</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="of">of</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="lack">lack</span> <span word="of">of</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="for">for</span> <span word="fear">fear</span> <span word="of">of</span> 非限制性定语从句</p><p> 在英文中，有两种定语从句：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体、更明确。限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。 1．限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开；而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。 <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="taught">taught</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="English">English</span>? 你还记得教我们英语的那个女孩吗？ <span word="We">We</span> <span word="walked">walked</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="village">village</span> <span word="street">street</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="villagers">villagers</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="day">day</span>. 我们沿着村里的大街向前走去，村民们正在那里赶集。 2．大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，而特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由 <span word="which">which</span> 引导。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="middle">middle</span><span word="aged">aged</span> <span word="woman">woman</span> <span word="killed">killed</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="husband">husband</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="frightened">frightened</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>. 一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫，这令我十分恐惧。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="five">five</span><span word="year">year</span><span word="old">old</span> <span word="boy">boy</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="languages">languages</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="surprises">surprises</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="present">present</span>. 一个5岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。 3．使用非限制性定语从句时，如果先行词指人，则用<span word="who">who</span>或<span word="whose">whose</span>引导非限制性定语从句；先行词指物可用<span word="which">which</span>引导非限制性定语从句；先行词表时间或地点且在从句中作时间状语或地点状语时，可用 <span word="when">when</span>, <span word="where">where</span> 引导非限制性定语从句。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="gave">gave</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="color">color</span> <span word="TV">TV</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="birthday">birthday</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="pleased">pleased</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span>. 他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物，这使她非常高兴。 <span word="Last">Last</span> <span word="Sunday">Sunday</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="reached">reached</span> <span word="Nanjing">Nanjing</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="conference">conference</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="held">held</span>. 他们上周日到达南京，有个会议要在那里举行。 4．关系代词 <span word="whom">whom</span> 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用<span word="who">who</span>代替<span word="whom">whom</span>，但<span word="whom">whom</span>在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用<span word="who">who</span>来代替。在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可用<span word="that">that</span>代替<span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span>，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，不可用<span word="that">that</span>代替<span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span>。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="girl">girl</span> <span word="whom">whom</span>/<span word="who">who</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="met">met</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>. 这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="young">young</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="girlfriend">girlfriend</span>, <span word="whom">whom</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wanted">wanted</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="impress">impress</span>.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻的印象。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sister">sister</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span>.他有一个姐姐，是教师。 5．关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省去，非限制性定语从句的所有关系词均不可省。 <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="book">book</span> (<span word="which">which</span>/<span word="that">that</span>) <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>. 这就是他昨天丢的那本书。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="book">book</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="yesterday">yesterday</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="found">found</span>. 他昨天丢了这本书，但现在已找到了。 6．在非限定性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物意义时， 只能用<span word="which">which</span>。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="heats">heats</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="earth">earth</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span>. 太阳给予大地热量，这就使植物的生长成为可能。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="energy">energy</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="widely">widely</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="life">life</span>. 最重要的能源形式是电能，它广泛地运用于我们的日常生活之中。 7．<span word="as">as</span>与<span word="which">which</span>在非限制性定语从句中的区别。 (1)<span word="as">as</span>在从句中通常作主语代指整个主句，表示的意思是“正如、正像”，其引导的定语从句既可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。</p>
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