2017届高考英语考前冲刺：精选语法资料冠词用法全解
<p> 2017届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法资料冠词用法全解</p><p> 一、定义与分类 冠词是用于名词前用以说明该名词含义的虚词(在现代英语中冠词被称为限定词)。传统语法通常将冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两类，但现代英语通常将冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三类。不定冠词有<span word="a">a</span> 和 <span word="an">an</span>两种形式，其中 <span word="a">a</span> 用于辅音音素前，<span word="an">an</span> 用于元音音素前；而定冠词只有<span word="the">the</span>一种形式；现代英语中说的零冠词，其实指的是就是既不用定冠词，也不用不定冠词的情况。</p><p> 二、不定冠词的主要用法 1. 泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。如： <span word="A">A</span> <span word="bird">bird</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="wings">wings</span>. 鸟有翅膀。 <span word="A">A</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="shouldn">shouldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="that">that</span>. 教师不应当这样讲话。 2. 笼统指某类中的某一个，但又不具体说明是哪一个。如： <span word="The">The</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="caught">caught</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thief">thief</span>. 警察抓了一个小偷。 3. 表示数量“一”(但不与 <span word="two">two</span>, <span word="three">three</span> 等相对比)。如： <span word="It">It</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="save">save</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="coat">coat</span>. 我用了一年时间才省出钱买一件新大衣。 4. 表示价钱、时间、速度等的“每一”(=<span word="per">per</span>)。如： <span word="We">We</span> <span word="meet">meet</span> <span word="twice">twice</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="week">week</span>. 我们每星期碰两次头。 <span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="dollars">dollars</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span>. 他们的售价是每打两美元。 5. 用于序数词前表示“又一”、“再一”。如： <span word="We">We</span>'<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="time">time</span>. 我们得再做一次。 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="forward">forward</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="plan">plan</span>. 他们已提出了第三个方案。 6. 在某些物质名词前表示“一杯 / 罐 / 瓶”。如： <span word="A">A</span> <span word="coffee">coffee</span> / <span word="tea">tea</span> / <span word="beer">beer</span>, <span word="please">please</span>. 请来杯咖啡 / 茶 / 啤酒。 7. 用于具体化了的抽象名词前。如： <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="success">success</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="business">business</span>. 他事业成功。 <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pleasure">pleasure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="talk">talk</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="you">you</span>. 同你谈话是件令人愉快的事。 8. 在专有名词前表示“某一个”、“类似的一个”。如： <span word="A">A</span> <span word="Mr">Mr</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="wants">wants</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="you">you</span>. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人想见你。 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Zhu">Zhu</span> <span word="Geliang">Geliang</span>. 他自以为是诸葛亮。 9. 用于 <span word="of">of</span>短语中表示“同一”(=<span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span>)。如： <span word="Tom">Tom</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Kate">Kate</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="age">age</span>. 汤姆与凯特同年。</p>
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