高考英语语法复习专题（1）名词
<p> 语法复习专题（1）名词</p><p> 一、考点聚焦</p><p> 1.可数名词单、复数变化形式</p><p> （1）规则变化。</p><p> ①单数名词词尾直接加-<span word="s">s</span>。<span word="boy">boy</span> — <span word="boys">boys</span>, <span word="pen">pen</span> — <span word="pens">pens</span>。</p><p> ②以<span word="s">s</span>、<span word="x">x</span> 、<span word="ch">ch</span> 、<span word="sh">sh</span>结尾的单词一般加-<span word="es">es</span>。如：<span word="glass">glass</span> — <span word="glasses">glasses</span>,<span word="box">box</span>— <span word="boxes">boxes</span>, <span word="watch">watch</span> — <span word="watches">watches</span>, <span word="brush">brush</span> — <span word="brushes">brushes</span>。</p><p> 特例：<span word="stomach">stomach</span> — <span word="stomaches">stomaches</span>。</p><p> ③以“辅音字母 + <span word="y">y</span>”结尾的变“<span word="y">y</span>”为“<span word="i">i</span>”再加“-<span word="es">es</span>”。如：</p><p> <span word="baby">baby</span> — <span word="babies">babies</span>, <span word="lady">lady</span> — <span word="ladies">ladies</span>, <span word="fly">fly</span> — <span word="flies">flies</span>。</p><p> ④以“<span word="o">o</span>”结尾的多数加-<span word="es">es</span>。如：<span word="tomato">tomato</span> — <span word="tomatoes">tomatoes</span>, <span word="potato">potato</span> — <span word="potatoes">potatoes</span>, <span word="hero">hero</span> — <span word="heroes">heroes</span>。但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以<span word="o">o</span>结尾的词只加-<span word="s">s</span>。 如：<span word="radio">radio</span> — <span word="radios">radios</span>, <span word="zoo">zoo</span> — <span word="zoos">zoos</span>, <span word="photo">photo</span> — <span word="photos">photos</span>, <span word="piano">piano</span> — <span word="pianos">pianos</span>, <span word="kilo">kilo</span> — <span word="kilos">kilos</span>, <span word="tobacco">tobacco</span> — <span word="tobaccos">tobaccos</span>。</p><p> ⑤以“<span word="f">f</span>”或“<span word="fe">fe</span>”结尾的名词复数形式变“<span word="f">f</span>”或“<span word="fe">fe</span>”为“<span word="v">v</span>”，之后再加-<span word="es">es</span>。如：<span word="wife">wife</span> — <span word="wives">wives</span>, <span word="life">life</span> — <span word="lives">lives</span>, <span word="knife">knife</span> — <span word="knives">knives</span>, <span word="wolf">wolf</span>— <span word="wolves">wolves</span>, <span word="self">self</span> — <span word="selves">selves</span>, <span word="leaf">leaf</span> — <span word="leaves">leaves</span>等。特例：<span word="handkerchief">handkerchief</span>— <span word="handkerchiefs">handkerchiefs</span>, <span word="roof">roof</span> — <span word="roofs">roofs</span>, <span word="chief">chief</span> — <span word="chiefs">chiefs</span>, <span word="gulf">gulf</span> — <span word="gulfs">gulfs</span>, <span word="belief">belief</span> — <span word="beliefs">beliefs</span>, <span word="cliff">cliff</span> — <span word="cliffs">cliffs</span>。</p><p> ⑥改变元音字母的。如：<span word="man">man</span> — <span word="men">men</span>, <span word="mouse">mouse</span> — <span word="mice">mice</span>, <span word="foot">foot</span> — <span word="feet">feet</span>,</p><p> <span word="woman">woman</span> — <span word="women">women</span>, <span word="tooth">tooth</span> — <span word="teeth">teeth</span>, <span word="goose">goose</span> — <span word="geese">geese</span>, <span word="ox">ox</span> — <span word="oxen">oxen</span>。特例：<span word="child">child</span> — <span word="children">children</span>。</p>
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