高考英语语法复习及配套练习十一：助动词与情态动词
<p> 语法复习十一：助动词与情态动词</p><p> （一）助动词有<span word="be">be</span>, <span word="have">have</span>, <span word="do">do</span>, <span word="will">will</span>, <span word="shall">shall</span>。它们本身没有词义，只和实义动词的一定形式构成复合谓语，用来表示时态和语态，构成否定、疑问及加强语气等。</p><p> 1、<span word="be">be</span> (<span word="am">am</span>, <span word="is">is</span>, <span word="are">are</span>, <span word="were">were</span>, <span word="been">been</span>)</p><p> (<span word="l">l</span>)“<span word="be">be</span> + -<span word="ing">ing</span>”构成进行时态；（2）“<span word="be">be</span> + 过去分词”构成被动语态；（3）“<span word="be">be</span> + 动词不定式”构成复合谓语：①表示按计划安排要发生的事。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="prime">prime</span> <span word="minister">minister</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="visit">visit</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="year">year</span>. 总理将于明年访问日本。② 用于命令。<span word="You">You</span>'<span word="re">re</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="homework">homework</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="TV">TV</span>.你得做完了作业才能看电视。</p><p> 2、<span word="have">have</span> (<span word="has">has</span>, <span word="had">had</span>)</p><p> (1)“<span word="have">have</span>+过去分词”构成完成时态。如：<span word="Have">Have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span> ? (2)“<span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> + -<span word="ing">ing</span>”构成完成进行时态。如：<span word="What">What</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="doing">doing</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="days">days</span>? 这些日子你一直在干什么?</p><p> 3、<span word="do">do</span> (<span word="does">does</span>, <span word="did">did</span>)</p><p> (1)“<span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> + 动词原形”构成行为动词的否定式。如：<span word="His">His</span> <span word="brother">brother</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="playing">playing</span> <span word="basket">basket</span>.；(2)“<span word="Do">Do</span> + 主语 + 动词原形”构成行为动词的一般疑问句。<span word="Does">Does</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="bike">bike</span> <span word="every">every</span> <span word="day">day</span>? (3)“<span word="do">do</span> + 动词原形”用于祈使句或陈述句中表示加强语气。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="him">him</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="wasn">wasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="in">in</span>我确实去看望他了，但他不在家。<span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="work">work</span>. 请一定做点什么；(4)代替前面刚出现的动词以避免重复。<span word="My">My</span> <span word="mother">mother</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="me">me</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bed">bed</span> <span word="early">early</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="did">did</span>.</p>
页:
[1]