高考英语语法复习及配套练习十四：非谓语动词（三）
<p> 语法复习十四：非谓语动词（三）——过去分词</p><p> （三）过去分词：</p><p> 1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：</p><p> （1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="stolen">stolen</span> <span word="car">car</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="police">police</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="week">week</span>.</p><p> （2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="broken">broken</span>.这个玻璃杯是破的。 注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="glass">glass</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="broken">broken</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="brother">brother</span>.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：<span word="crowded">crowded</span>, <span word="devoted">devoted</span>, <span word="discouraged">discouraged</span>, <span word="done">done</span>, <span word="dressed">dressed</span>, <span word="drunk">drunk</span>, <span word="experienced">experienced</span>, <span word="frightened">frightened</span>, <span word="gone">gone</span>, <span word="hurt">hurt</span>, <span word="interested">interested</span>, <span word="killed">killed</span>, <span word="known">known</span>, <span word="learned">learned</span>, <span word="lost">lost</span>, <span word="pleased">pleased</span>, <span word="satisfied">satisfied</span>, <span word="shut">shut</span>, <span word="surprised">surprised</span>, <span word="tired">tired</span>, <span word="undressed">undressed</span>, <span word="worried">worried</span>, <span word="astonished">astonished</span>, <span word="broken">broken</span>, <span word="completed">completed</span>, <span word="covered">covered</span>等。</p>
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