高考英语语法复习及配套练习十三：非谓语动词（二）
<p> 语法复习十三：非谓语动词（二）——动词-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式</p><p> （二）-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式：动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式也是一种非谓语动词。-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-<span word="ing">ing</span>短语。</p><p> 1、-<span word="ing">ing</span>的形式：-<span word="ing">ing</span>有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-<span word="ing">ing</span>则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词<span word="make">make</span> 和不及物动词<span word="go">go</span>为例，将其-<span word="ing">ing</span>各种形式列表如下：</p><p> 动词</p><p> 语态</p><p> 形式 及物动词<span word="make">make</span> 不及物动词<span word="go">go</span></p><p> 主动语态 被动语态 主动语态</p><p> 一般式 <span word="making">making</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="going">going</span></p><p> 完成式 <span word="having">having</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="gone">gone</span></p><p> 2、-<span word="ing">ing</span>形式的基本用法。</p><p> （1）作主语：<span word="Seeing">Seeing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="believing">believing</span>.百闻不如一见。<span word="Talking">Talking</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="easier">easier</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="doing">doing</span>. –<span word="ing">ing</span>作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用<span word="it">it</span>作形式主语，而将作主语的-<span word="ing">ing</span>后置。如：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="isn">isn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="again">again</span>. <span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="here">here</span>.</p><p> （2）作表语：<span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="job">job</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="washing">washing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cooking">cooking</span>. <span word="My">My</span> <span word="hobby">hobby</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="stamps">stamps</span>.</p><p> （3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。<span word="She">She</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="drawing">drawing</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span>.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。 <span word="Mary">Mary</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span>.；③ <span word="do">do</span>+限定词（<span word="my">my</span>, <span word="some">some</span>, <span word="any">any</span>, <span word="the">the</span>等）+ -<span word="ing">ing</span>，表示“做…事”之意，如：<span word="We">We</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="cleaning">cleaning</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Saturday">Saturday</span> <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>. <span word="Will">Will</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="shopping">shopping</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Saturday">Saturday</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>? ④作介词的宾语：<span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="sister">sister</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="learning">learning</span> <span word="physics">physics</span>.；⑤作形容词<span word="worth">worth</span>, <span word="busy">busy</span>等的宾语：<span word="This">This</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="worth">worth</span> <span word="reading">reading</span>. –<span word="ing">ing</span>作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用<span word="it">it</span>作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-<span word="ing">ing</span>后置，如：<span word="We">We</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="that">that</span>. <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="again">again</span>?</p>
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