2017高考精准考点：动词的分类
<p> 动词的分类</p><p> 在本讲中，我们将要从三个方面了解一下动词的分类。</p><p> 第一方面：按词义和句中的作用，动词可以分为四类。见下表:</p><p> 类别 特点 意义 举例</p><p> 实义动词 (<span word="vt">vt</span>. <span word="vi">vi</span>.) 及物动词跟宾语 须跟宾语一起才能表达完整的意思 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span>..</p><p> 不及物动词不能直接接宾语 能独立作谓语 <span word="She">She</span> <span word="always">always</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="late">late</span>.</p><p> 系动词(<span word="link">link</span>-<span word="v">v</span>) 跟表语 不能独立做谓语，跟表语构成完整意思 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="student">student</span>.</p><p> 助动词(<span word="aux">aux</span>. <span word="v">v</span>.) 跟动词原形或分词（无词汇意义） 不能独立做谓语，跟主要动词构成谓语，表示疑问，否定及各种时态 <span word="He">He</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>.</p><p> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="watching">watching</span> <span word="TV">TV</span>.</p><p> 情态动词 (<span word="mod">mod</span>. <span word="v">v</span>.)</p><p> 跟动词原形（有自己的词汇意思） 不能独立做谓语。表示说话人语气、情态，无人称和数的变化 <span word="We">We</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="ourselves">ourselves</span>.</p><p> <span word="That">That</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="better">better</span>.</p><p> 第二方面：短语动词，短语动词是由一些动词和其它词构成短语，表达一个完整的意思。其构成方式如下。</p><p> 构成方式 举例</p><p> 动词+介词 <span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="at">at</span>, <span word="look">look</span> <span word="after">after</span></p><p> 动词+副词 <span word="Give">Give</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="put">put</span> <span word="into">into</span></p><p> 动词+副词+介词 <span word="Catch">Catch</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="with">with</span>, <span word="look">look</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="upon">upon</span></p><p> 动词+名词+介词 <span word="Take">Take</span> <span word="care">care</span> <span word="of">of</span>, <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="to">to</span></p>
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