2017年高考英语重点难点专题透析：第6专题 动词时态和语态
<p> 15.<span word="When">When</span> <span word="Alice">Alice</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="she">she</span> ????<span word="there">there</span>. ? <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="lying">lying</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="lying">lying</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="was">was</span> <span word="lying">lying</span></p><p> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="has">has</span> <span word="lain">lain</span> [答案与解析]<span word="A">A</span> 考查过去完成进行时的用法。根据<span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span>所表示的时间可排除<span word="B">B</span>、<span word="D">D</span>两项;由于<span word="lie">lie</span>所表示的动作发生在<span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span>之前,所以用过去完成进行时。句意:当爱丽丝苏醒过来时,她不知道自己已经躺在那里多久了。 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来 时。常用的表示时间的词有:<span word="when">when</span>, <span word="until">until</span>, <span word="after">after</span>, <span word="before">before</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="once">once</span>,</p><p> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="moment">moment</span> / <span word="minute">minute</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span>等。常用的表示条件的词有:<span word="if">if</span>, <span word="unless">unless</span>,</p><p> <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>等。 七、考查一般现在时代替一般将来时 命题趋势 备考策略 高考考点 16.—<span word="What">What</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="afternoon">afternoon</span>?</p><p> —<span word="I">I</span>??<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cinema">cinema</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="friends">friends</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="film">film</span> ???? <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="early">early</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="we">we</span> ???? <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bookstore">bookstore</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="that">that</span>. ? <span word="A">A</span>.<span word="finished">finished</span>; <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="B">B</span>.<span word="finished">finished</span>; <span word="go">go</span> <span word="C">C</span>.<span word="finishes">finishes</span>; <span word="are">are</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="D">D</span>.<span word="finishes">finishes</span>; <span word="go">go</span> [答案与解析]<span word="C">C</span> 考查动词时态。按时间表、既定安排将要发生的动作用一般现在时表将来;事先计划将要做某个动作,用<span word="be">be</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>。句意:“今天下午你要做什么?”“我将和一些朋友去看电影。电影结束得早,因此我们在电影结束后会去书店。” 命题趋势 备考策略 高考考点 考生在复习动词的时态时,切不可脱离实际运用的语言,一味死记硬背语法,而必须重视正确分析语境中时态的交互信息,以及动词特殊用法的灵活运用。在复习时应注意以下几点:(1)理解语境,摸清命题者的意图。(2)准确判断动作和时间的关系,即动作的发生时间。(3)正确理解时间概念,分清大的时间和小的时间。大的时间:现在、过去、将来;小的时间:时间段、时间点、瞬间时间。发现和有效利用这些信息是解决问题的关键。(4)找准相关时态时间之间的交叉点。例如:一般现在时和现在进行时在现在时间的交叉点。 考生在复习动词的语态时要注意以下几点:(1)注意区分哪些是及物动词,哪些是不及物动词,因为只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。(2)学会根据题干,判断逻辑关系是主动还是被动,从而恰当选用语态。考生要培养自己在具体语境中恰当选用语态的能力。 命题趋势 备考策略 高考考点</p>
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