2017英语词汇篇人教版选修10 units1-2
<p> <span word="Philosophers">Philosophers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Ancient">Ancient</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="Ancient">Ancient</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="states">states</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="other">other</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="philosophers">philosophers</span>.<span word="Confucius">Confucius</span>(551 <span word="BC">BC</span>－479<span word="BC">BC</span>)<span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="philosopher">philosopher</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="stressed">stressed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="kindness">kindness</span>，<span word="duty">duty</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="society">society</span>.<span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="influenced">influenced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 2,000 <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> <span word="Mencius">Mencius</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="thinker">thinker</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="teachings">teachings</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Confucius">Confucius</span>.<span word="Mencius">Mencius</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="born">born</span> <span word="in">in</span> 372 <span word="BC">BC</span>.<span word="His">His</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="young">young</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="mother">mother</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="student">student</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Confucius">Confucius</span>’ <span word="s">s</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="position">position</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span>.<span word="However">However</span>，<span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ruler">ruler</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="advice">advice</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="resigned">resigned</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="travelled">travelled</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="state">state</span>，<span word="teaching">teaching</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="principles">principles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Confucius">Confucius</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="adviser">adviser</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="ruler">ruler</span>.</p><p> <span word="He">He</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="preparing">preparing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="teachings">teachings</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Book">Book</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Mencius">Mencius</span>.<span word="Mencius">Mencius</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="why">why</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="animals">animals</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="good">good</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="taught">taught</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="kind">kind</span>，<span word="then">then</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="good">good</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="rulers">rulers</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="hated">hated</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="treated">treated</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="badly">badly</span>. <span word="Mozi">Mozi</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="influential">influential</span>.<span word="Born">Born</span> <span word="in">in</span> 476 <span word="BC">BC</span>，<span word="he">he</span></p><p> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="family">family</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="famous">famous</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="unusual">unusual</span> <span word="clothes">clothes</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="behaviour">behaviour</span>.<span word="Mozi">Mozi</span> <span word="founded">founded</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="philosophy">philosophy</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Mohism">Mohism</span>.<span word="In">In</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>，<span word="his">his</span> <span word="beliefs">beliefs</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Confucius">Confucius</span>.<span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="important">important</span>.<span word="As">As</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="result">result</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="spent">spent</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="find">find</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="state">state</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="follow">follow</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="teachings">teachings</span>.<span word="Mozi">Mozi</span> <span word="believed">believed</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="equal">equal</span>.<span word="His">His</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Confucian">Confucian</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="kindness">kindness</span>.<span word="Mozi">Mozi</span> <span word="taught">taught</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="love">love</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="beings">beings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="look">look</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="weaker">weaker</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="ourselves">ourselves</span>.<span word="He">He</span> <span word="hated">hated</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="war">war</span>.<span word="Mozi">Mozi</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="in">in</span> 390 <span word="BC">BC</span>., 古代中国的哲学家 古代中国各诸侯国之间战事连连，但那也是一个产生了许多很大的哲学家的时期。孔子(公元前551年—公元前479年)是最具影响力的哲学家。他强调仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。这些思想一直影响了中国社会两千多年。 孟子是一位思想家，他的学说和孔子的很相似。孟子生于公元前372年，他早年丧父，由其母亲抚养成人。他继承了孔子的思想，后来在一个诸侯国身居要职。然而，当看到统治者并不采纳他的建议时，他便辞官而去。他周游列国多年，到处传播孔子的思想。之后他成为另一个诸侯国国君的谋士。他把最后几年时间都花在了写《孟子》上，这是一本有关他的学说的书。孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人是向善的。他教导说如果政府施行仁政，人民就会向善。他认为人民比统治者更重要，并憎恨虐待民众的国家。 墨子是另一位极具影响力的先哲。公元前476年，他出生于一个贫困家庭。他因其与众不同的着装及行为而著名。墨子创立了墨家思想。在某些方面，他的思想和孔子的有些相似。例如，他认为政府最重要。因此，他花了很多年的时间试图找到一个民众信奉他的学说的国家。墨子认为众生平等。他的“博爱”思想与孔子的“仁爱”思想不同。墨子教导我们要爱所有的人，照顾那些不如我们的弱者。他憎恨战争。墨子于公元前390年逝世。 <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Industrial">Industrial</span> <span word="Revolution">Revolution</span> <span word="In">In</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span>，<span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="eighteenth">eighteenth</span> <span word="century">century</span>，<span word="there">there</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="important">important</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="society">society</span>.<span word="This">This</span> <span word="change">change</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> “<span word="Industrial">Industrial</span> <span word="Revolution">Revolution</span>”．<span word="Until">Until</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="farming">farming</span> <span word="society">society</span>.<span word="With">With</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Industrial">Industrial</span> <span word="Revolution">Revolution</span>，<span word="factories">factories</span></p>
页:
[1]