高三英语二轮三轮总复习 重点突破第三讲 巧用三段式，决胜议论文课件（人教版）
<p> 议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体，它通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来辨明是非曲直，从而表达出作者的观点。议论文常由论点、论据和论证三部分构成。 一、议论文的写作特点 1．议论文的主要命题形式是以表格式和提纲式来呈现写 作材料的。 2．它要求语言必须简练、准确，要尽可能避免使用口语， 多用书面语，可适当使用名言警句；以议论为主，辅之以叙述、说明和描写等手法。 3．在议论文三段式里，首先要写好开头，具体需把握好 三点：第一，开门见山，紧扣题目；第二，提出论点，说明中心；第三，总述内容，概括要点。 其次要深化中间段。中间段是首段的拓展。议论文的中间段是论证论点的，常用方法有归纳法、推理法、对照法和驳论法。 最后要把好结尾关，考生可以：重复中心思想——回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上，达到再次肯定和强调的效果；引用——用格言或名人名言总结全文，既言简意赅，又有较强的说服力；得出结论——文章最后用几句话概括全文内容，并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。 二、议论文的写作技巧 1．写作时要围绕中心论点展开议论，即论据和论证要围绕 论点展开。根据题目要求，有时需要从正反两方面来论述，可增强论证的力度。最后，可得出结论，照应开头，形成一个有机的整体。 2．写作时常以三段式的形式展开议论。即：主题段、拓展 段和总结段。 三、议论文中表示观点对比类写作套语 1．总述： •<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span> <span word="about">about</span>... •<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="discussion">discussion</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="entrance">entrance</span> <span word="fee">fee</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="charged">charged</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="parks">parks</span>. •<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="on">on</span>... •<span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="survey">survey</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="allowed">allowed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="mobile">mobile</span> <span word="phones">phones</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="school">school</span>. •<span word="Different">Different</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span>. •<span word="Opinions">Opinions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="divided">divided</span>. •<span word="People">People</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="taken">taken</span>/<span word="adopted">adopted</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="attitudes">attitudes</span> <span word="towards">towards</span>... •<span word="People">People</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="views">views</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="question">question</span>. •<span word="People">People</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="problem">problem</span>. 2．表达观点： •<span word="Others">Others</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="opinions">opinions</span>. •<span word="Sixty">Sixty</span> <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span>, <span word="while">while</span> <span word="forty">forty</span> <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="otherwise">otherwise</span>. •<span word="Sixty">Sixty</span> <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="necessary">necessary</span> <span word="to">to</span>..., <span word="but">but</span> <span word="forty">forty</span> <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="so">so</span>. •...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span> <span word="that">that</span>... •...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="favor">favor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="that">that</span>... •<span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="for">for</span>/<span word="against">against</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="think">think</span>... •...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="think">think</span>/<span word="believe">believe</span> <span word="that">that</span>... 3．表达不同观点之间的衔接： •<span word="However">However</span>, ...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="view">view</span>./...<span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="opposite">opposite</span> <span word="opinion">opinion</span>. •<span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="so">so</span>. •<span word="However">However</span>, <span word="each">each</span> <span word="coin">coin</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="sides">sides</span>. •<span word="Different">Different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="those">those</span>..., ...<span word="people">people</span> <span word="think">think</span>... •<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>, ...<span word="people">people</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="that">that</span>... 4．在对某一观点作进一步论证时，可用下列句型： ①<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span>，...还有就是……，而且…… •<span word="What">What</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span>，<span word="we">we</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="customs">customs</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="study">study</span>，<span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="improve">improve</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="English">English</span>. ②<span word="Besides">Besides</span>，...除此之外…… •<span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="discipline">discipline</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span>.<span word="Besides">Besides</span>，<span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="too">too</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="abroad">abroad</span>，<span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="load">load</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="family">family</span>. 当然在提出多个论据时，也可用<span word="first">first</span>，...<span word="second">second</span>，...<span word="third">third</span>，...来列举论据。</p>
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