Sub-Saharan Africa's Dependence on Child Labor Affects Development
<p><span word="As">As</span> <span word="Sub">Sub</span>-<span word="Saharan">Saharan</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> <span word="strives">strives</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="break">break</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shackles">shackles</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="poverty">poverty</span>, <span word="its">its</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="nearly">nearly</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p><span word="A">A</span> 2014 <span word="report">report</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="Department">Department</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="concluded">concluded</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="Sub">Sub</span>-<span word="Saharan">Saharan</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="squalid">squalid</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="skype">skype</span> <span word="interview">interview</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="Organization">Organization</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Alex">Alex</span> <span word="Soho">Soho</span> <span word="said">said</span>, <span word="poverty">poverty</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="behind">behind</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>.</p><p>"<span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="poor">poor</span>. <span word="Their">Their</span> <span word="income">income</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="low">low</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="afford">afford</span> <span word="hiring">hiring</span> <span word="adult">adult</span> <span word="laborers">laborers</span>,” <span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>. ”<span word="So">So</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rely">rely</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="know">know</span>, <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="kids">kids</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="farmers">farmers</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="true">true</span>, <span word="also">also</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="farm">farm</span> <span word="workers">workers</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="them">them</span> [<span word="children">children</span>] <span word="along">along</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plantations">plantations</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="particular">particular</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="family">family</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="complete">complete</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tasks">tasks</span> <span word="they">they</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="assigned">assigned</span>."</p><p><span word="For">For</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="children">children</span>, <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="consists">consists</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="backbreaking">backbreaking</span> <span word="labor">labor</span>. <span word="Hazardous">Hazardous</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="commonplace">commonplace</span> — <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="farms">farms</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="pesticides">pesticides</span> <span word="abound">abound</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="machinery">machinery</span> <span word="meant">meant</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="run">run</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="adults">adults</span> <span word="poses">poses</span> <span word="threats">threats</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="children">children</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mining">mining</span>, <span word="where">where</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sometimes">sometimes</span> <span word="abominable">abominable</span>.</p><p><span word="Day">Day</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="day">day</span>, <span word="children">children</span> <span word="stand">stand</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="muddy">muddy</span> <span word="creeks">creeks</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="rivers">rivers</span> <span word="scouring">scouring</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="specks">specks</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="gold">gold</span> <span word="dust">dust</span>. <span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="dangers">dangers</span> <span word="everywhere">everywhere</span> — <span word="machinery">machinery</span>, <span word="man">man</span>-<span word="sized">sized</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="bigger">bigger</span> <span word="rocks">rocks</span>, <span word="hazardous">hazardous</span> <span word="chemicals">chemicals</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="water">water</span>-<span word="borne">borne</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span>.</p><p><span word="Cocoa">Cocoa</span> <span word="industry">industry</span></p><p><span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="Sub">Sub</span>-<span word="Saharan">Saharan</span> <span word="African">African</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="dependent">dependent</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="cocoa">cocoa</span>, <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="production">production</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="chocolate">chocolate</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="U">U</span>.<span word="S">S</span>. <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="Department">Department</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="child">child</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="prevalent">prevalent</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="cocoa">cocoa</span> <span word="plantations">plantations</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Cameroon">Cameroon</span>, <span word="Ghana">Ghana</span>, <span word="Guinea">Guinea</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Sierra">Sierra</span> <span word="Leone">Leone</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="nations">nations</span> — <span word="Ivory">Ivory</span> <span word="Coast">Coast</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Nigeria">Nigeria</span> — <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="working">working</span>; <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p>
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