英语中有关就近原则的讲解
<p>分享一篇英语中，有关就近原则的讲解，供大家学习。</p><p>【就近原则】</p><p>也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(<span word="Proximity">Proximity</span>)，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上一致。</p><p><span word="I">I</span>.在正式文体中：</p><p>1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："<span word="there">there</span> <span word="be">be</span>+句型; <span word="or">or</span> ; <span word="either">either</span> …<span word="or">or</span>;<span word="nor">nor</span>; <span word="neither">neither</span>…<span word="nor">nor</span>;<span word="whether">whether</span>…<span word="or">or</span>;<span word="not">not</span>…<span word="but">but</span>; <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span>…<span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span>" ; 等。<span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p>①<span word="What">What</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="does">does</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="concern">concern</span> <span word="me">me</span> . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。</p><p>②<span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="am">am</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> . 你和我都没错。</p><p>③<span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="father">father</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blame">blame</span> . 不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。</p><p>④<span word="Not">Not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="but">but</span>(<span word="also">also</span>) <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="wrong">wrong</span> .不仅你错了，他也错了。</p><p>2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。</p><p><span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p>①<span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="distance">distance</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="clapping">clapping</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hands">hands</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shouts">shouts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span> . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。</p><p>②<span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> (<span word="are">are</span>) <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pen">pen</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="books">books</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desk">desk</span> .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。</p><p><span word="II">II</span>. 非正式文体中：</p><p>有时依“就近一致原则”，但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。<span word="e">e</span>.<span word="g">g</span>.</p><p><span word="Neither">Neither</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="nor">nor</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="there">there</span> (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。(非正式)</p>
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