Getting a firm grip on weed control
<p><span word="When">When</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="considered">considered</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="weed">weed</span>? <span word="Experts">Experts</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Penn">Penn</span> <span word="State">State</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="simple">simple</span> <span word="answer">answer</span>: <span word="When">When</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="undesirable">undesirable</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span> <span word="outweigh">outweigh</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="qualities">qualities</span>.</p><p><span word="Consider">Consider</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fact">fact</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="crops">crops</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="seeds">seeds</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="plant">plant</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="comparison">comparison</span>, <span word="each">each</span> <span word="weed">weed</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="tens">tens</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="seeds">seeds</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="buried">buried</span> <span word="seeds">seeds</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="survive">survive</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="forty">forty</span> <span word="years">years</span> -- <span word="or">or</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="longer">longer</span>.</p><p><span word="Eradicating">Eradicating</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span> <span word="means">means</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="remove">remove</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="seeds">seeds</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="roots">roots</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="back">back</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="birds">birds</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="wind">wind</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="reintroduce">reintroduce</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span>.</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="land">land</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="planting">planting</span>. <span word="Experts">Experts</span> <span word="advise">advise</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="deal">deal</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span>.</p><p><span word="Chemical">Chemical</span> <span word="weed">weed</span> <span word="killers">killers</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="treatments">treatments</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="corn">corn</span> <span word="gluten">gluten</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="suppress">suppress</span> <span word="weed">weed</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>. <span word="Dense">Dense</span> <span word="planting">planting</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crop">crop</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="control">control</span>.</p><p><span word="Bill">Bill</span> <span word="Curran">Curran</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="weed">weed</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Penn">Penn</span> <span word="State">State</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="Park">Park</span>, <span word="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="methods">methods</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="suppressing">suppressing</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dense">dense</span> <span word="planting">planting</span>.</p><p><span word="He">He</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dense">dense</span>, <span word="competitive">competitive</span> <span word="crop">crop</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="quickly">quickly</span> <span word="shades">shades</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="soil">soil</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="suppress">suppress</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="seeds">seeds</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="blocking">blocking</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sun">sun</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="weed">weed</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>.</p><p><span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="turning">turning</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="soil">soil</span>, <span word="pulling">pulling</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="covering">covering</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="mulch">mulch</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shredded">shredded</span> <span word="wood">wood</span>, <span word="garden">garden</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="material">material</span>.</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="mulch">mulch</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="limits">limits</span>. <span word="Natural">Natural</span> <span word="resource">resource</span> <span word="specialists">specialists</span> <span word="point">point</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="weeds">weeds</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="transported">transported</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mulch">mulch</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="soil">soil</span>, <span word="grain">grain</span>, <span word="hay">hay</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="animals">animals</span>.</p>
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