The risks of language for health translators
<p><span word="Translators">Translators</span> <span word="Without">Without</span> <span word="Borders">Borders</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="nonprofit">nonprofit</span> <span word="group">group</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="provides">provides</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="services">services</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="nongovernmental">nongovernmental</span> <span word="organizations">organizations</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span>, <span word="yes">yes</span>, <span word="Doctors">Doctors</span> <span word="Without">Without</span> <span word="Borders">Borders</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="recently">recently</span> <span word="trained">trained</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="translators">translators</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Nairobi">Nairobi</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="local">local</span> <span word="languages">languages</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Kenyans">Kenyans</span>.</p><p><span word="For">For</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="translators">translators</span>, <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="culture">culture</span>.</p><p><span word="Muthoni">Muthoni</span> <span word="Gichohi">Gichohi</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="manager">manager</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Family">Family</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Options">Options</span> <span word="Kenya">Kenya</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="group">group</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="organized">organized</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="training">training</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="expressing">expressing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="names">names</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Kikuyu">Kikuyu</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> "<span word="provocative">provocative</span>" <span word="if">if</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="public">public</span>.</p><p>"<span word="So">So</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="really">really</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="another">another</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="delivering">delivering</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="message">message</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="different">different</span>."</p><p><span word="Trainer">Trainer</span> <span word="Paul">Paul</span> <span word="Warambo">Warambo</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="issue">issue</span> <span word="arises">arises</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Kenya">Kenya</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="national">national</span> <span word="language">language</span>.</p><p>"<span word="Sometimes">Sometimes</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="euphemisms">euphemisms</span> -- <span word="use">use</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="language">language</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="acceptable">acceptable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="people">people</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Swahili">Swahili</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="body">body</span> <span word="part">part</span> -- <span word="the">the</span> <span word="vagina">vagina</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="example">example</span> -- <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="call">call</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="name">name</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="kitu">kitu</span> <span word="chake">chake</span> --- <span word="her">her</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>. <span word="You">You</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="mention">mention</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="name">name</span>, <span word="you">you</span> <span word="say">say</span> '<span word="her">her</span> <span word="thing">thing</span>.'"</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="community">community</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="decide">decide</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="words">words</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="translated">translated</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="socially">socially</span> <span word="acceptable">acceptable</span> <span word="language">language</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="cases">cases</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="way">way</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="culture">culture</span> <span word="think">think</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="object">object</span> <span word="becomes">becomes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="translated">translated</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="object">object</span>.</p>
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