American history: Slavery in the American South
<p><span word="This">This</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="series">series</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="slavery">slavery</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="affected">affected</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="United">United</span> <span word="States">States</span>.</p><p><span word="Slavery">Slavery</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="custom">custom</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="controlling">controlling</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="owning">owning</span> <span word="another">another</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="history">history</span> <span word="experts">experts</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="development">development</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="farming">farming</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="prisoners">prisoners</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="war">war</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="them">them</span>. <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="criminals">criminals</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="re">re</span>-<span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="owed">owed</span>.</p><p><span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="lived">lived</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Sumerian">Sumerian</span> <span word="society">society</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="Iraq">Iraq</span>. <span word="Slavery">Slavery</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="existed">existed</span> <span word="among">among</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="India">India</span>, <span word="Africa">Africa</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Middle">Middle</span> <span word="East">East</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Americas">Americas</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="expanded">expanded</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="trade">trade</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="increased">increased</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="force">force</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="export">export</span>. <span word="Slaves">Slaves</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="slavery">slavery</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="Few">Few</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="evil">evil</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="unfair">unfair</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="cities">cities</span>, <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="freed">freed</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="owners">owners</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="citizens">citizens</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="later">later</span> <span word="times">times</span>, <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="provided">provided</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="labor">labor</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="produce">produce</span> <span word="products">products</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="demand">demand</span>. <span word="Sugar">Sugar</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="products">products</span>. <span word="Italians">Italians</span> <span word="established">established</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="sugar">sugar</span> <span word="farms">farms</span> <span word="beginning">beginning</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="twelfth">twelfth</span> <span word="century">century</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Russia">Russia</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="work">work</span>. <span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="thirteen">thirteen</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span>, <span word="African">African</span> <span word="blacks">blacks</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="begun">begun</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="replace">replace</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Russian">Russian</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="captured">captured</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="North">North</span> <span word="African">African</span> <span word="Arabs">Arabs</span>, <span word="who">who</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p><span word="By">By</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fifteen">fifteen</span> <span word="hundreds">hundreds</span>, <span word="Spain">Spain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Portugal">Portugal</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="colonies">colonies</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Europeans">Europeans</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="native">native</span> <span word="Indians">Indians</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="farms">farms</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="mines">mines</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="colonies">colonies</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Indians">Indians</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="European">European</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="poor">poor</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span>. <span word="So">So</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Spanish">Spanish</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Portuguese">Portuguese</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="Africa">Africa</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="slaves">slaves</span>. <span word="France">France</span>, <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Netherlands">Netherlands</span> <span word="did">did</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="colonies">colonies</span>.</p>
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