Dire warnings issued on diminishing Arctic ice(视频)
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="extent">extent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Arctic">Arctic</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="week">week</span> <span word="shrunk">shrunk</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="low">low</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="era">era</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="satellite">satellite</span> <span word="record">record</span>-<span word="keeping">keeping</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1979. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="expanse">expanse</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="top">top</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="implications">implications</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="shipping">shipping</span>, <span word="wildlife">wildlife</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="diplomacy">diplomacy</span>.</p><p><span word="Polar">Polar</span> <span word="bears">bears</span> <span word="hunt">hunt</span> <span word="seals">seals</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="sea">sea</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="drown">drown</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="forced">forced</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="swim">swim</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="distances">distances</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="open">open</span> <span word="water">water</span>. <span word="Satellite">Satellite</span> <span word="photos">photos</span> <span word="released">released</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="America">America</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="space">space</span> <span word="agency">agency</span>, <span word="NASA">NASA</span>, <span word="illustrate">illustrate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="daunting">daunting</span> <span word="threat">threat</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="bears">bears</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="image">image</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Arctic">Arctic</span> <span word="Sea">Sea</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1979. <span word="Another">Another</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="minimum">minimum</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="September">September</span> 16. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="shrinkage">shrinkage</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="area">area</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="Texas">Texas</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="impossible">impossible</span> <span word="distance">distance</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mightiest">mightiest</span> <span word="polar">polar</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="swim">swim</span>.</p><p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="fossil">fossil</span> <span word="fuels">fuels</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="emissions">emissions</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="warms">warms</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="oceans">oceans</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="threatens">threatens</span> <span word="biodiversity">biodiversity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="warm">warm</span> <span word="waters">waters</span> <span word="alike">alike</span>.</p><p>“<span word="As">As</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="dioxide">dioxide</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="proportion">proportion</span>, <span word="about">about</span> 40 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="goes">goes</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="it">it</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="acid">acid</span> <span word="content">content</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ocean">ocean</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="that">that</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="threatening">threatening</span> <span word="coral">coral</span> <span word="reefs">reefs</span>,” <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Ben">Ben</span> <span word="Orlove">Orlove</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Columbia">Columbia</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="climate">climate</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="scientist">scientist</span>.</p><p><span word="Orlove">Orlove</span> <span word="notes">notes</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="demise">demise</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="coral">coral</span> <span word="reefs">reefs</span> <span word="subsequently">subsequently</span> <span word="threatens">threatens</span> <span word="fisheries">fisheries</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="them">them</span>.</p><p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="symposium">symposium</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Columbia">Columbia</span> <span word="University">University</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="draw">draw</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="away">away</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Panama">Panama</span> <span word="Canal">Canal</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="northern">northern</span> <span word="route">route</span>, <span word="though">though</span> <span word="still">still</span> <span word="hazardous">hazardous</span>, <span word="reduces">reduces</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="distance">distance</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="Europe">Europe</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Asia">Asia</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="about">about</span> 6,500 <span word="kilometers">kilometers</span>.</p>
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