Tons of methane gas could be trapped under Antarctica
<p><span word="And">And</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="Shirley">Shirley</span> <span word="Griffith">Griffith</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="methane">methane</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="trapped">trapped</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>-<span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Antarctica">Antarctica</span>. <span word="We">We</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="growing">growing</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="generic">generic</span> <span word="drugs">drugs</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="fighting">fighting</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="virus">virus</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="AIDS">AIDS</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="search">search</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="effective">effective</span> <span word="vaccine">vaccine</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="HIV">HIV</span>.</p><p>(<span word="MUSIC">MUSIC</span>)</p><p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="An">An</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="tons">tons</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="methane">methane</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="trapped">trapped</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>-<span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Antarctica">Antarctica</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="organisms">organisms</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="changed">changed</span> <span word="ancient">ancient</span> <span word="organic">organic</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="methane">methane</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="melts">melts</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="possible">possible</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gas">gas</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="escape">escape</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="add">add</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="warming">warming</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="atmosphere">atmosphere</span>.</p><p><span word="Jemima">Jemima</span> <span word="Wadham">Wadham</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Bristol">Bristol</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Britain">Britain</span> <span word="directed">directed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amount">amount</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="organic">organic</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="recorded">recorded</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="size">size</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="supplies">supplies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="northern">northern</span> <span word="permafrost">permafrost</span> <span word="areas">areas</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span> <span word="published">published</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="findings">findings</span>.</p><p><span word="Sandra">Sandra</span> <span word="Arndt">Arndt</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span>. <span word="At">At</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="she">she</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Utrecht">Utrecht</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Netherlands">Netherlands</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="pressure">pressure</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="cold">cold</span> <span word="temperatures">temperatures</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ice">ice</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="forming">forming</span> <span word="methane">methane</span> <span word="hydrate">hydrate</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="says">says</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="confirmed">confirmed</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="presence">presence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="methane">methane</span> <span word="hydrate">hydrate</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="substance">substance</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="solid">solid</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="ice">ice</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="formed">formed</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="methane">methane</span> <span word="gets">gets</span> <span word="trapped">trapped</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="structure">structure</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="molecules">molecules</span>.</p><p><span word="SHIRLEY">SHIRLEY</span> <span word="GRIFFITH">GRIFFITH</span>: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="continent">continent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Antarctica">Antarctica</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="mainly">mainly</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="South">South</span> <span word="Pole">Pole</span>, <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="totally">totally</span> <span word="south">south</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Arctic">Arctic</span> <span word="Circle">Circle</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="organic">organic</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="thirty">thirty</span> <span word="five">five</span> <span word="million">million</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="ago">ago</span>. <span word="At">At</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="Antarctica">Antarctica</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="warmer">warmer</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="today">today</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="contained">contained</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="forms">forms</span>.</p>
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