Easing pain in the sick and dying
<p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="SCIENCE">SCIENCE</span> <span word="IN">IN</span> <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="NEWS">NEWS</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="VOA">VOA</span> <span word="Special">Special</span> <span word="English">English</span>. <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="Bob">Bob</span> <span word="Doughty">Doughty</span>.</p><p><span word="STEVE">STEVE</span> <span word="EMBER">EMBER</span>: <span word="And">And</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="Steve">Steve</span> <span word="Ember">Ember</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="developments">developments</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="control">control</span>.</p><p>(<span word="MUSIC">MUSIC</span>)</p><p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="As">As</span> <span word="recently">recently</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="little">little</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="existed">existed</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="interests">interests</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="pain">pain</span>.</p><p><span word="Over">Over</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="years">years</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="hope">hope</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="hurting">hurting</span>. <span word="And">And</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="movement">movement</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="hospice">hospice</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="helped">helped</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="difficult">difficult</span>-<span word="to">to</span>-<span word="treat">treat</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dying">dying</span>.</p><p><span word="STEVE">STEVE</span> <span word="EMBER">EMBER</span>: <span word="Doctors">Doctors</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="kinds">kinds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="pain">pain</span>: <span word="acute">acute</span>, <span word="chronic">chronic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="breakthrough">breakthrough</span>. <span word="Acute">Acute</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="chronic">chronic</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="mild">mild</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="severe">severe</span>. <span word="Acute">Acute</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="happens">happens</span> <span word="fast">fast</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="lasts">lasts</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="reacts">reacts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span>.</p><p><span word="But">But</span> <span word="chronic">chronic</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span>. <span word="Chronic">Chronic</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="away">away</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="back">back</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="treat">treat</span>.</p><p><span word="Breakthrough">Breakthrough</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="strikes">strikes</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="suddenly">suddenly</span>. <span word="An">An</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="breakthrough">breakthrough</span> <span word="pain">pain</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="happen">happen</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="ending">ending</span>.</p><p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="diseases">diseases</span>, <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="injuries">injuries</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="cause">cause</span> <span word="chronic">chronic</span> <span word="pain">pain</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="problems">problems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="burns">burns</span>. <span word="Cancer">Cancer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="causes">causes</span>, <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="disease">disease</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="Sloan">Sloan</span>-<span word="Kettering">Kettering</span> <span word="Memorial">Memorial</span> <span word="Cancer">Cancer</span> <span word="Center">Center</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="City">City</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="leader">leader</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="pain">pain</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="treatments">treatments</span> <span word="linked">linked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="center">center</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Doctor">Doctor</span> <span word="Kathleen">Kathleen</span> <span word="Foley">Foley</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="gain">gain</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="supervisor">supervisor</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="clinical">clinical</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="pain">pain</span>. <span word="She">She</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="completing">completing</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="center">center</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span>.</p>
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