Kitchen chemistry: The science of herbs and spices
<p><span word="FAITH">FAITH</span> <span word="LAPIDUS">LAPIDUS</span>: <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="SCIENCE">SCIENCE</span> <span word="IN">IN</span> <span word="THE">THE</span> <span word="NEWS">NEWS</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="VOA">VOA</span> <span word="Special">Special</span> <span word="English">English</span>. <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="Faith">Faith</span> <span word="Lapidus">Lapidus</span>.</p><p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="And">And</span> <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="Bob">Bob</span> <span word="Doughty">Doughty</span>. <span word="Today">Today</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="herbs">herbs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spices">spices</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="uses">uses</span>.</p><p><span word="FAITH">FAITH</span> <span word="LAPIDUS">LAPIDUS</span>: <span word="People">People</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="using">using</span> <span word="herbs">herbs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spices">spices</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="thousands">thousands</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="years">years</span>. <span word="Generally">Generally</span>, <span word="herbs">herbs</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="green">green</span> <span word="leaves">leaves</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="vegetables">vegetables</span>. <span word="Spices">Spices</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="trees">trees</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="cinnamon">cinnamon</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="outer">outer</span> <span word="cover">cover</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="cinnamon">cinnamon</span> <span word="plants">plants</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="spice">spice</span> <span word="ginger">ginger</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="part">part</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ginger">ginger</span> <span word="plant">plant</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="grows">grows</span> <span word="underground">underground</span>.</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="herbs">herbs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spices">spices</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="valued">valued</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="taste">taste</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="sharpen">sharpen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="taste">taste</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="foods">foods</span>. <span word="Others">Others</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="chosen">chosen</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="smell">smell</span>. <span word="Still">Still</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="traditionally">traditionally</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="reasons">reasons</span>.</p><p><span word="BOB">BOB</span> <span word="DOUGHTY">DOUGHTY</span>: <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="herbs">herbs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spices">spices</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="gaining">gaining</span> <span word="importance">importance</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="modern">modern</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="American">American</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="pepper">pepper</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="seeking">seeking</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="lose">lose</span> <span word="weight">weight</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="say">say</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="do">do</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="add">add</span> <span word="spices">spices</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="food">food</span>.</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Purdue">Purdue</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="reported">reported</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="pepper">pepper</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Physiology">Physiology</span> & <span word="Behavior">Behavior</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="changes">changes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="diet">diet</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="adding">adding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="pepper">pepper</span>, <span word="may">may</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desire">desire</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="eat">eat</span>.</p><p><span word="FAITH">FAITH</span> <span word="LAPIDUS">LAPIDUS</span>: <span word="The">The</span> <span word="spice">spice</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="dried">dried</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ground">ground</span> <span word="cayenne">cayenne</span> <span word="red">red</span> <span word="pepper">pepper</span>. <span word="Cayenne">Cayenne</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="chili">chili</span> <span word="pepper">pepper</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="chili">chili</span> <span word="peppers">peppers</span> <span word="contain">contain</span> <span word="capsaicin">capsaicin</span> -- <span word="a">a</span> <span word="substance">substance</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="chili">chili</span> <span word="peppers">peppers</span> <span word="hot">hot</span>. <span word="Other">Other</span> <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="capsaicin">capsaicin</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="reduce">reduce</span> <span word="hunger">hunger</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="burn">burn</span> <span word="calories">calories</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="energy">energy</span> <span word="stored">stored</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="food">food</span>.</p>
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