Translation errors cause disputes over contract terms
<p><span word="Translation">Translation</span> <span word="errors">errors</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="key">key</span> <span word="contract">contract</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="responsible">responsible</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="igniting">igniting</span> <span word="disputes">disputes</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="companies">companies</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span> <span word="Maritime">Maritime</span> <span word="Court">Court</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Thursday">Thursday</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="reviewing">reviewing</span> <span word="archives">archives</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p>"<span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="than">than</span> 5 <span word="percent">percent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="cases">cases</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="avoidable">avoidable</span> <span word="mistakes">mistakes</span> <span word="brought">brought</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="losses">losses</span>, <span word="especially">especially</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="side">side</span>," <span word="said">said</span> <span word="Ying">Ying</span> <span word="Xinlong">Xinlong</span>, <span word="president">president</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="court">court</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="court">court</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> 1,981 <span word="cases">cases</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="maritime">maritime</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="commercial">commercial</span> <span word="affairs">affairs</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2011.</p><p>"<span word="The">The</span> <span word="level">level</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="translation">translation</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="field">field</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="navigation">navigation</span> <span word="law">law</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="disparity">disparity</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="municipality">municipality</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="status">status</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="metropolis">metropolis</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="international">international</span> <span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="center">center</span>," <span word="Ying">Ying</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="case">case</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="year">year</span>, "<span word="drydocking">drydocking</span>" <span word="was">was</span> <span word="mistranslated">mistranslated</span> <span word="as">as</span> "<span word="tankwashing">tankwashing</span>" <span word="and">and</span> "<span word="except">except</span> <span word="fuel">fuel</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="service">service</span>" <span word="was">was</span> <span word="misinterpreted">misinterpreted</span> <span word="as">as</span> "<span word="except">except</span> <span word="fuel">fuel</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="domestic">domestic</span> <span word="flights">flights</span>" <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="contract">contract</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="translated">translated</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="English">English</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>.</p><p><span word="That">That</span> <span word="caused">caused</span> <span word="disputes">disputes</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="parties">parties</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="rights">rights</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="obligations">obligations</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="well">well</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="share">share</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="costs">costs</span>.</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="expressions">expressions</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sanctioned">sanctioned</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="usage">usage</span> <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="literal">literal</span> <span word="interpretation">interpretation</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="known">known</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="industry">industry</span> <span word="insiders">insiders</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="strange">strange</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="translators">translators</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="Jin">Jin</span> <span word="Xiaofeng">Xiaofeng</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="judge">judge</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="court">court</span>.</p><p>"<span word="There">There</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="loads">loads</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="translation">translation</span> <span word="agencies">agencies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Shanghai">Shanghai</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="nation">nation</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="quality">quality</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="varied">varied</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="professional">professional</span> <span word="translators">translators</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="expertise">expertise</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="particular">particular</span> <span word="aspect">aspect</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="scarce">scarce</span>," <span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p>
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