英语语法：如何攻略现在完成式
<p>现在完成定义：现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并且还有可能持续下去。如：</p><p><span word="Those">Those</span> <span word="cats">cats</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="screaming">screaming</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>.</p><p>那些猫叫了半天了。</p><p><span word="We">We</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="waiting">waiting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="hours">hours</span>.</p><p>我们等他等了两个小时。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="dollar">dollar</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="climbing">climbing</span> <span word="steadily">steadily</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="week">week</span>.</p><p>整个星期美元一直在稳步增值。</p><p>构成：主语 + <span word="have">have</span> / <span word="has">has</span> + 过去分词 + 其他(当主语是第三人称单数时用<span word="has">has</span>，其余人称用<span word="have">have</span>。过去分词：规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。)</p><p>否定式：主语 + <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> / <span word="hasn">hasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> + 过去分词 + 其他</p><p>疑问式：<span word="Have">Have</span> / <span word="Has">Has</span> + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他?</p><p>简略答语：<span word="Yes">Yes</span>, 主语 + <span word="have">have</span> / <span word="has">has</span>.(肯定)</p><p><span word="No">No</span>, 主语 + <span word="haven">haven</span>’<span word="t">t</span> / <span word="hasn">hasn</span>’<span word="t">t</span>.(否定)</p><p>现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响，用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义：</p><p>一、以<span word="already">already</span>, <span word="just">just</span>和<span word="yet">yet</span>为标志</p><p><span word="already">already</span>, <span word="just">just</span>和<span word="yet">yet</span>表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。</p><p><span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="already">already</span> <span word="got">got</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="help">help</span>.</p><p>他已得到她的帮助。</p><p><span word="He">He</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="seen">seen</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="film">film</span>.</p>
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