5个策略应对工作轮班带来的睡眠与健康问题
<p><span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> 2004 <span word="data">data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bureau">Bureau</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Labor">Labor</span> <span word="Statistics">Statistics</span>, <span word="almost">almost</span> 15 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="Americans">Americans</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="full">full</span>-<span word="time">time</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="evening">evening</span> <span word="shift">shift</span>, <span word="night">night</span> <span word="shift">shift</span>, <span word="rotating">rotating</span> <span word="shifts">shifts</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="employer">employer</span>-<span word="arranged">arranged</span> <span word="irregular">irregular</span> <span word="schedules">schedules</span>. <span word="Shift">Shift</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="quality">quality</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="health">health</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rating">rating</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> “<span word="probable">probable</span> <span word="carcinogen">carcinogen</span>” <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Organization">Organization</span>. <span word="What">What</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="connection">connection</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>? <span word="A">A</span> <span word="leading">leading</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="blue">blue</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="inappropriate">inappropriate</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="disrupt">disrupt</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="bodies">bodies</span>’ <span word="natural">natural</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span>-<span word="fighting">fighting</span> <span word="abilities">abilities</span>.</p><p>根据劳工部2014年的数据，大约有1500万人在全职从事晚班、夜班、循环轮班或雇主安排的不规律的工作。轮班工作对睡眠、生活质量与健康有一系列的负面作用，包括世界卫生组织对其可能致癌的一项评定。那么，这与癌症有什么联系?有一项这样的主流理论认为：在不合适的时间里暴露在蓝光下，可能会扰乱我们身体本身的抗癌能力。</p><p><span word="Shift">Shift</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="disorder">disorder</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="defined">defined</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Classification">Classification</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Sleep">Sleep</span> <span word="Disorders">Disorders</span>, <span word="Third">Third</span> <span word="Edition">Edition</span> (<span word="the">the</span> <span word="diagnostic">diagnostic</span> <span word="bible">bible</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="medicine">medicine</span>) <span word="as">as</span> <span word="necessarily">necessarily</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="criteria">criteria</span>:</p><p>睡眠药物诊断的圣经《睡眠障碍国际分类第三版》将轮班工作障碍定义如下(必须包含如下全部标准)：</p><p><span word="There">There</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="report">report</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="insomnia">insomnia</span> <span word="and">and</span>/<span word="or">or</span> <span word="excessive">excessive</span> <span word="sleepiness">sleepiness</span>, <span word="accompanied">accompanied</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reduction">reduction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recurring">recurring</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="schedule">schedule</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="overlaps">overlaps</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="usual">usual</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>.</p>
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