什么是人际交往中的“自我实现预言”
<p>在人际交往中，你是否听到过“我看他/她就不顺眼”，“他/她对我有意见有偏见”等等这样的抱怨呢?怎么才能很好地融入到人际交往当中去呢?根据自我实现预言理论(<span word="self">self</span>-<span word="fulfilling">fulfilling</span> <span word="prophecy">prophecy</span>)，你希望别人对你好，首先你要正确地对待他们——对他们好。</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="fulfilling">fulfilling</span> <span word="prophecy">prophecy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prediction">prediction</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="directly">directly</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="indirectly">indirectly</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="itself">itself</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="true">true</span>.</p><p>“自我实现预言”指的是直接或间接导致预言本身实现的一种预测。</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="words">words</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="prophecy">prophecy</span>, <span word="strongly">strongly</span> <span word="held">held</span> <span word="belief">belief</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="delusion">delusion</span>—<span word="declared">declared</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="truth">truth</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="false">false</span>—<span word="may">may</span> <span word="sufficiently">sufficiently</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="reactions">reactions</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="fulfill">fulfill</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="once">once</span>-<span word="false">false</span> <span word="prophecy">prophecy</span>.</p><p>换句话说，积极的或者消极的预言，强烈坚持的信念，或者错觉(被宣称是真实的，其实是错误的)，都可能足以影响到人们，使人们的反应最终会导致先前错误的预言实现。</p><p><span word="For">For</span> <span word="example">example</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="stating">stating</span> “<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="probably">probably</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lousy">lousy</span> <span word="day">day</span>,” <span word="might">might</span> <span word="alter">alter</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="prediction">prediction</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="fulfilled">fulfilled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="actions">actions</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="unconscious">unconscious</span> <span word="gesture">gesture</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="might">might</span> <span word="espouse">espouse</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="fulfilling">fulfilling</span> <span word="prophecy">prophecy</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="way">way</span> “<span word="I">I</span>’<span word="m">m</span> <span word="going">going</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="day">day</span>,” <span word="might">might</span> <span word="act">act</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ways">ways</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="prediction">prediction</span> <span word="true">true</span>.</p><p>比如一个人说：“今天我可能过得很糟糕”，这也许会改变他今天的行为，于是他的行动就又验证了这个自我预言。这也许是种无意识的举动。而另一个人也许会用积极的方式验证自我实现预言，“我今天会过得很棒”，也许他今天的积极举动就会验证自己的预测。</p>
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