独立主格结构使用的5点注意事项
<p>独立主格与状语从句的转换当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不是指同一个对象时，可用独立主格结构取代状语从句，但不再保留连词。如：<span word="After">After</span> <span word="class">class</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="over">over</span> (=<span word="Class">Class</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="over">over</span> / <span word="Class">Class</span> <span word="over">over</span>), <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="soon">soon</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>.下课后，学生很快离开了课室。</p><p>2. 不能省略<span word="being">being</span> (<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span>)的情形在下列两种情况下，独立主格结构中的<span word="being">being</span>(或<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span>)不能省略。</p><p>如：(1) 独立主格的逻辑主语是代词时。如：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="Sunday">Sunday</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="church">church</span>.因为是星期天，我们去了做礼拜。<span word="It">It</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="Sunday">Sunday</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="church">church</span>.</p><p>(2) 在<span word="There">There</span> <span word="being">being</span>+名词的结构中。如：<span word="There">There</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="bus">bus</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="home">home</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="foot">foot</span>.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。</p><p>3. 通常不用物主代词或冠词在“名词(或代词)+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构中，一般不用形容词性物主代词和冠词。如： <span word="Miss">Miss</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>, <span word="book">book</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>.史密斯先生走进了课室，手里拿着一本书。比较<span word="with">with</span>的复合结构。如：<span word="Miss">Miss</span> <span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="entered">entered</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="classroom">classroom</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>.</p><p>4. 独立主格结构没有所有格形式<span word="The">The</span> <span word="chief">chief</span>-<span word="editor">editor</span> <span word="arriving">arriving</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="meeting">meeting</span>. 主编来了，我们开始开会。主编来了，我们开始开会。比较动名词复合结构。</p><p>独立主格的进态问题独立主格结构作时间或原因状语时，可用完成时，表示该动作发生在谓语之前。如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="listeners">listeners</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="seats">seats</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="concert">concert</span> <span word="began">began</span>.听众坐好后，音乐会开始了。</p>
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