英语被动语态中的易错知识点盘点
<p>一、注意被动语态的不同时态被动语态由“<span word="be">be</span>+过去分词”，其中的助动词 <span word="be">be</span> 根据情况可使用各种不同时态。如：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="respected">respected</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="everyone">everyone</span>. 她受到大家的尊重。(一般现在时)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="book">book</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reprinted">reprinted</span> <span word="soon">soon</span>. 这本书很快会重印。(一般将来时)<span word="The">The</span> <span word="road">road</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="repaired">repaired</span>. 路正在修整。(现在进行时)<span word="They">They</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="warning">warning</span>.</p><p>他们受到警告。(现在完成时)</p><p>二、注意带情态动词的被动语态该结构的基本形式为“情态动词+<span word="be">be</span>(或<span word="be">be</span>的适当形式)+过去分词”。这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="rules">rules</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="obeyed">obeyed</span>. 这些规章制度必须遵守。<span word="They">They</span> <span word="shouldn">shouldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。</p><p>三、注意非谓语动词的被动语态1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。由“<span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="work">work</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="do">do</span>. 她要求给她一些工作做。<span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="asked">asked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="speak">speak</span>. 他是最后被邀请发言的人。2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。由“<span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span>. 我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。3. 现在分词一般式的被动语态。由“<span word="being">being</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="I">I</span> <span word="saw">saw</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="away">away</span>. 我看见有人把他带走了。<span word="Being">Being</span> <span word="protected">protected</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="wall">wall</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="felt">felt</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="safe">safe</span>. 有墙作保护，他感到很安全。4. 现在分词完成式的被动语态。由“<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="Having">Having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="invited">invited</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="speak">speak</span>, <span word="I">I</span>’<span word="ll">ll</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="preparations">preparations</span> <span word="tomorrow">tomorrow</span>. 因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。因为邀请我去讲话，我明天就得做准备。<span word="The">The</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="opened">opened</span>，<span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="it">it</span>. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。由“<span word="being">being</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="She">She</span> <span word="likes">likes</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="looked">looked</span> <span word="at">at</span>. 她喜欢被人瞧。<span word="He">He</span> <span word="hates">hates</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fool">fool</span> <span word="of">of</span>. 他讨厌被别人愚弄。<span word="This">This</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="far">far</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="settled">settled</span>. 这个问题远没解决。6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。由“<span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span>+过去分词”构成。如：<span word="Jenny">Jenny</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="trained">trained</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dancer">dancer</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="regret">regret</span>. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。<span word="After">After</span> <span word="having">having</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="instructed">instructed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="drive">drive</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="town">town</span>, <span word="I">I</span> <span word="began">began</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="acquire">acquire</span> <span word="confidence">confidence</span>. 在接到把车开出城的指令后，我开始信心十足了。注：过去分词没有被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动意义。如：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="door">door</span> <span word="remained">remained</span> <span word="locked">locked</span>. 门仍然锁着。</p>
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