这道虚拟语气的陷阱题，你躲得开吗?
<p><span word="Thank">Thank</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="indeed">indeed</span>. <span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="exactly">exactly</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="advice">advice</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="really">really</span> _________ <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span>.</p><p><span word="A">A</span>. <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="didn">didn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="hadn">hadn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="D">D</span>. <span word="wouldn">wouldn</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="known">known</span></p><p>【分析】此题容易误选<span word="C">C</span>或<span word="D">D</span>，认为此句既然为虚拟语气语境，当然应选择与虚拟语气有关的答案。此句的句意是“真的是太感谢你了。要不是因为你给我建议，我就不知道该怎么做了。”句中 <span word="if">if</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="advice">advice</span> 和 <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="should">should</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> 用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的假设，但是句中的“我不知道”也要用虚拟语气吗?换句话说，“我不知道”是与事实相反的假设吗?显然不是。所以它不能用虚拟语气，应用陈述语气(<span word="I">I</span> <span word="don">don</span>’<span word="t">t</span> <span word="know">know</span>)，表明这是事实(表达自己对对方的感谢之意)。请再看几个类似的例子：</p><p>(1) “<span word="It">It</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="heard">heard</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="her">her</span>.” “<span word="Yes">Yes</span>, <span word="how">how</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="she">she</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="getting">getting</span> <span word="along">along</span>.” “我们很久没收到她的来信了。”“是啊，我多希望知道她现在过得怎么样。”</p><p>按照英语语法，<span word="I">I</span> <span word="wish">wish</span> 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，所以其后的 <span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> 也的确用的是虚拟语气，但是<span word="I">I</span> <span word="knew">knew</span> 后的宾语从句用不用虚拟语气呢?不用。句中“我多么希望知道”，说明现在并不知道，即现在“知道”并不是事实，只是一种想法，故用了虚拟语气;但是“她现在过得怎么样呢?”则是她现在的实际情况，是事实，故用陈述语气。</p>
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