英语倒装句详解之：倒装句的修辞功能(下)
<p>四、 平衡结构</p><p>英语修辞的一个重要原则是尾重原则,即把句子最复杂的成分放在句尾以保持句子平衡。在语言使用中为了避免产生头重脚轻、结构不平衡的句子,我们常采用倒装语序。</p><p>1. 以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装语序。</p><p><span word="eg">eg</span>.<span word="To">To</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coal">coal</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="com">com</span>-<span word="pany">pany</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="PLA">PLA</span> <span word="soldiers">soldiers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="headquarters">headquarters</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trapped">trapped</span> <span word="miners">miners</span>.</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="PLA">PLA</span> <span word="soldiers">soldiers</span> <span word="came">came</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="coal">coal</span> <span word="mine">mine</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="orders">orders</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="headquarters">headquarters</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="rescue">rescue</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="trapped">trapped</span> <span word="miners">miners</span>.</p><p>一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿,奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。</p><p><span word="eg">eg</span>.<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span> <span word="lay">lay</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="conditioners">conditioners</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="shipped">shipped</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cities">cities</span>.</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="conditioners">conditioners</span> <span word="lay">lay</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="ground">ground</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="shipped">shipped</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="cities">cities</span>.</p><p>地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去。</p><p>从例句中可看出, 采用倒装语序的<span word="A">A</span>句结构平衡稳妥 ,读起来自然流畅,而采用自然语序的<span word="B">B</span>句结构零乱, 读起来也别扭。因而,在主语较长时就应采用倒装语序以取得理想的表达效果。</p><p>2. 以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,须将表语和谓语都提到主语前。</p>
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