高中语法详解：非谓语动词作定语
<p>非谓语动词做定语</p><p>直接修饰名词的成分称为定语，一般由形容词或名词担当，也可以分别由不定式、分词或动名词等非谓语动词来担当。那么如何区别并正确使用非谓语动词呢?</p><p><span word="NON">NON</span>-<span word="FINITES">FINITES</span></p><p>1. 现在分词与过去分词的区别</p><p>我们知道非谓语动词都源于及物和不及物两种谓语动词，要了解现在分词与过去分词的区别就要从谓语动词的基本属性开始。</p><p>1)及物动词 (<span word="v">v</span>.<span word="t">t</span>.)</p><p>及物动词的主语我们称为动作的发出者(<span word="sender">sender</span>)，宾语称为动作的承受者(<span word="receiver">receiver</span>)。</p><p>例如：</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="surprised">surprised</span></p><p>动词+<span word="ing">ing</span> (发出者) 及物动词<span word="v">v</span>.<span word="t">t</span>.</p><p><span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span>.</p><p>动词+<span word="ed">ed</span> (承受者)</p><p><span word="Surprise">Surprise</span>是及物动词， 在使用<span word="surprise">surprise</span>这个动词的非谓语分词形式时，修饰动作发出者<span word="news">news</span>用现在分词形式(动词+<span word="ing">ing</span>)，修饰动作的承受者用过去分词形式(动词+<span word="ed">ed</span>)。</p><p>●<span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span> <span word="news">news</span>. (<span word="surprising">surprising</span>做定语修饰发出者<span word="news">news</span>)</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="news">news</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="surprising">surprising</span>. (<span word="surprising">surprising</span>做表语修饰发出者<span word="news">news</span>)</p><p><span word="They">They</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="talking">talking</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="surprised">surprised</span> <span word="students">students</span>. (<span word="surprised">surprised</span>做定语修饰承受者<span word="students">students</span>)</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="surprised">surprised</span>. (<span word="surprised">surprised</span>做表语修饰承受者<span word="students">students</span>)</p>
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