定语从句详解：考研英语语法篇
<p>一、定语从句的构成：先行词(所修饰的名词)+关系代词/关系副词(从属连词)+从句</p><p>二、定语从句的类型：根据从属连词的不同可以将定语从句分为三种类型：关系代词引导的定语从句，关系副词引导的定语从句，和<span word="as">as</span>/<span word="which">which</span>引导的非限制性定语从句。</p><p>1. 关系代词引导的定语从句 <span word="who">who</span>/<span word="whom">whom</span>修饰人</p><p><span word="which">which</span>修饰物</p><p><span word="that">that</span>，<span word="whose">whose</span>修饰人或物</p><p>在这一类从句中需要注意的是关系代词在句子中所起的作用。首先，关系代词连接主句和从句;其次关系代词指代所修饰的先行词;最后关系代词往往在从句中做主语或者宾语，且做主语时关系代词不能省略，做宾语时可以省略。</p><p>例1：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="laughs">laughs</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="laughs">laughs</span> <span word="best">best</span>. (笑到最后的人笑得最美。)</p><p>分析：<span word="who">who</span>引导定语从句修饰主句的主语<span word="he">he</span>，且在从句中做主语，不能省略</p><p>例2：<span word="He">He</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="collecting">collecting</span> <span word="authentic">authentic</span> <span word="material">material</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="prove">prove</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="argument">argument</span>. (他正在收集确凿的证据以证明他的观点。)</p><p>分析：<span word="that">that</span>引导定语从句修饰名词<span word="material">material</span>，且在从句中做主语，不能省略。</p><p>例3：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="house">house</span> (<span word="which">which</span>) <span word="we">we</span> <span word="bought">bought</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="month">month</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="very">very</span> <span word="beautiful">beautiful</span>. (我们上周买的这套房子很漂亮。)</p><p>分析：<span word="which">which</span>引导定语从句修饰名词<span word="house">house</span>，且在从句中做宾语，可以省略。</p>
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