逐渐兴起的“分享经济”
<p> 家里有不用的书、衣服、<span word="CD">CD</span>等，你会怎么处理？有人可能直接扔了，而有的人则可能会在网上发个帖子低价转让或转赠。这种旧物再利用模式就是分享经济的模式之一。</p><p> </p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="sharing">sharing</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> (<span word="aka">aka</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>) <span word="refers">refers</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="enable">enable</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="goods">goods</span>, <span word="services">services</span>, <span word="data">data</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="talent">talent</span>. <span word="These">These</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="leverage">leverage</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="technology">technology</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="empower">empower</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>, <span word="corporations">corporations</span>, <span word="non">non</span>-<span word="profits">profits</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="enables">enables</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span>, <span word="sharing">sharing</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="reuse">reuse</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="excess">excess</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="services">services</span>. <span word="A">A</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="premise">premise</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="shared">shared</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="increases">increases</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="business">business</span>, <span word="for">for</span> <span word="individuals">individuals</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="community">community</span>.</p><p> 分享经济（<span word="sharing">sharing</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>或<span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="economy">economy</span>）指能够让商品、服务、数据以及才能等有共享渠道的经济社会体系。这些体系形式各异，但都是运用信息技术让个人、公司、非盈利机构以及政府掌握大量信息以让他们可以分配、共享及再利用过剩的商品和服务。该体系的共同前提是，有关商品的信息被共享以后，该商品对商家、个人以及社区的价值也随之增加。</p><p> <span word="Sharing">Sharing</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="emerge">emerge</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="oldest">oldest</span> <span word="instincts">instincts</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> -– <span word="cooperation">cooperation</span>, <span word="sharing">sharing</span>, <span word="generosity">generosity</span>, <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="flexibility">flexibility</span>. <span word="Models">Models</span> <span word="include">include</span> <span word="renting">renting</span>, <span word="bartering">bartering</span>, <span word="loaning">loaning</span>, <span word="gifting">gifting</span>, <span word="swapping">swapping</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="forms">forms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="shared">shared</span> <span word="ownership">ownership</span> <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="cooperative">cooperative</span> <span word="structures">structures</span>. <span word="Many">Many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="models">models</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="a">a</span> "<span word="two">two</span>-<span word="sided">sided</span> <span word="market">market</span>" <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="information">information</span> <span word="technology">technology</span>-<span word="enabled">enabled</span> <span word="platform">platform</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="developed">developed</span>, <span word="built">built</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="maintained">maintained</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="third">third</span> <span word="party">party</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="function">function</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="platform">platform</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="enable">enable</span> <span word="sharing">sharing</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="activities">activities</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="popular">popular</span> <span word="structures">structures</span> <span word="include">include</span>: <span word="P">P</span>2<span word="P">P</span> <span word="marketplaces">marketplaces</span>, <span word="crowdfunding">crowdfunding</span> <span word="platforms">platforms</span>, <span word="innovation">innovation</span> <span word="marketplaces">marketplaces</span>, <span word="government">government</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="business">business</span> <span word="platforms">platforms</span>, <span word="government">government</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="citizen">citizen</span> <span word="platforms">platforms</span>. (<span word="Source">Source</span>: <span word="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</span>)</p>
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