口红效应 Lipstick effect
<p>在美国，每当经济不景气的时候，口红的销量就会明显上升。这是为什么呢？原来，在经济不景气的情况下，人们仍然会有强烈的消费欲望，但是实际经济能力又无法承担珠宝首饰、衣服等高价消费品，于是人们便会转而购买相对比较廉价的商品。口红作为一种“廉价的非必要之物”成为女性消费者的首选商品，于是就有了一个有趣的经济现象<span word="lipstick">lipstick</span> <span word="effect">effect</span>，即“口红效应”。</p><p> </p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="lipstick">lipstick</span> <span word="effect">effect</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="theory">theory</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="facing">facing</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="willing">willing</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="costly">costly</span> <span word="luxury">luxury</span> <span word="goods">goods</span>. <span word="Instead">Instead</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="buying">buying</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="fur">fur</span> <span word="coats">coats</span>, <span word="women">women</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="lipstick">lipstick</span>.</p><p> 口红效应指的是在经济危机时消费者更愿意购买相对廉价的奢侈品这样一个理论。女性消费者在经济危机时选择购买的不是价格不菲的皮草服装，而是高档口红。</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="underlying">underlying</span> <span word="assumption">assumption</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="luxury">luxury</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="crisis">crisis</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="consumer">consumer</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="economy">economy</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="dwindling">dwindling</span>, <span word="consumers">consumers</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="buy">buy</span> <span word="goods">goods</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="impact">impact</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="available">available</span> <span word="funds">funds</span>. <span word="Obviously">Obviously</span> <span word="men">men</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="buying">buying</span> <span word="lipstick">lipstick</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="tempted">tempted</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="expensive">expensive</span> <span word="beer">beer</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="smaller">smaller</span>, <span word="less">less</span> <span word="costly">costly</span> <span word="gadgets">gadgets</span>.</p><p> 口红效应揭示的是这样一种思维：就算在经济不景气的情况下，人们仍然有购买奢侈品的愿望。当人们意识到经济在下滑的时候，他们会购买一些对其现有资金影响不大的商品。男性消费者当然不会去买口红了，不过他们可能会买高档啤酒或一些小巧又不太贵的小玩意。</p>
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