极度疲惫时的“微睡眠”
<p> 加了一夜的班，终于拖着疲惫的身躯开车走在回家的路上。突然一阵睡意袭来，你勉强睁着眼睛想要保持清醒。可是下一秒你突然发现自己的车正向一根电线杆靠拢，你赶紧刹车。你以为自己一直是醒着的，其实就在你把车开向电线杆的时候，你的大脑已经睡了几秒钟了，这就是我们所说的“微睡眠”。</p><p> </p><p> <span word="A">A</span> <span word="microsleep">microsleep</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="episode">episode</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="last">last</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fraction">fraction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="thirty">thirty</span> <span word="seconds">seconds</span>. <span word="Often">Often</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="result">result</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="deprivation">deprivation</span>, <span word="mental">mental</span> <span word="fatigue">fatigue</span>, <span word="depression">depression</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="hypersomnia">hypersomnia</span>. <span word="For">For</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>-<span word="deprived">deprived</span>, <span word="microsleeping">microsleeping</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="typically">typically</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="substantial">substantial</span> <span word="warning">warning</span>.</p><p> 微睡眠（<span word="microsleep">microsleep</span>）指持续时间不超过30秒的短暂睡眠状态，多由睡眠不足、精神疲乏、抑郁、或嗜睡症引起。对那些睡眠不足的人来说，随时都可能进入微睡眠状态，而且没有任何征兆。</p><p> <span word="Microsleeps">Microsleeps</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="extremely">extremely</span> <span word="dangerous">dangerous</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="occur">occur</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="situations">situations</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="demand">demand</span> <span word="constant">constant</span> <span word="alertness">alertness</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="driving">driving</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="motor">motor</span> <span word="vehicle">vehicle</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="working">working</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="heavy">heavy</span> <span word="machinery">machinery</span>. <span word="People">People</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="microsleeps">microsleeps</span> <span word="usually">usually</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="unaware">unaware</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="instead">instead</span> <span word="believing">believing</span> <span word="themselves">themselves</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="awake">awake</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="whole">whole</span> <span word="time">time</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="temporarily">temporarily</span> <span word="lost">lost</span> <span word="focus">focus</span>.</p><p> 在驾车或重型机械作业等需要高度警醒的工作中出现微睡眠状况是极度危险的。经历过微睡眠状况的人通常都对此毫不察觉，他们以为自己一直处于清醒状态，或者认为自己只是偶尔走神了。</p>
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