中考英语语法复习：数词语法讲解
<p>(一)数词概述</p><p>英语的数词可以分为基数词和序数词两大类。基数词表示数目的多少，如：<span word="three">three</span>，<span word="thirty">thirty</span>，<span word="forty">forty</span>-<span word="nine">nine</span>等。而序数词表示的则是这些数目的顺序,如：<span word="third">third</span>，<span word="thirtieth">thirtieth</span>，<span word="forty">forty</span>-<span word="ninth">ninth</span>等。数词与不定代词很相似，其用法相当于名词与形容词。中考对数词的考查主要是数词的“复数形式”的应用、分数的构成形式以及词形变化中的基数词转换为序数词。当表示确切的数目时，<span word="hundred">hundred</span>，<span word="thousand">thousand</span>，<span word="million">million</span>等数词用单数形式;表达不具体的数目，如成百上千，成千上万等时，<span word="hundred">hundred</span>，<span word="thousand">thousand</span>等数词用复数形式，且在其后加介词<span word="of">of</span>。英语中的分数是由“基数词+序数词”构成的。分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示，分子大于“1”时，作为分母的序数词要用复数形式。基数词转换为序数词常在词形转换中考查，要特别记住某些序数词的一些特殊变化形式。如：<span word="one">one</span>——<span word="first">first</span>, <span word="two">two</span>——<span word="second">second</span>, <span word="three">three</span>——<span word="third">third</span>, <span word="five">five</span>——<span word="fifth">fifth</span>, <span word="eight">eight</span>——<span word="eighth">eighth</span>, <span word="nine">nine</span>——<span word="ninth">ninth</span>, <span word="twelve">twelve</span>——<span word="twelfth">twelfth</span>, <span word="twenty">twenty</span>——<span word="twentieth">twentieth</span>等等。</p><p>(二)基础知识梳理</p><p>1.基数词</p><p>1)基数词表示数量。13~19的基数词都以-<span word="teen">teen</span>结尾，如：<span word="thirteen">thirteen</span>，<span word="nineteen">nineteen</span>等。20~90十位数的整数都以-<span word="ty">ty</span>结尾，如：<span word="twenty">twenty</span>，<span word="ninety">ninety</span>等。</p><p>2)表示两位数词时，十位与个位之间要加连字符。三位以上的数词，在百位数与后两位数之间，要用<span word="and">and</span>连接。如：<span word="four">four</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ninety">ninety</span>-<span word="seven">seven</span>。注意，千位数与百位数之间用逗号分开，如：<span word="five">five</span> <span word="thousand">thousand</span>，<span word="three">three</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="twenty">twenty</span>。</p>
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