雅思听力材料：爱德华.蒙克-呐喊(BBC纪录片)
<p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Scream">Scream</span></p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Scream">Scream</span> is the popular name given to each of four versions of a composition, created as both paintings and pastels, by the Expressionist artist Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910. Der Schrei der Natur is the title Munch gave to these works, all of which show a figure with an agonized expression against a landscape with a tumultuous orange sky. The landscape in the background is theOslofjord, viewed from Ekeberg, Oslo, Norway.</p><p> <span word="Edvard">Edvard</span> <span word="Munch">Munch</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="versions">versions</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="various">various</span> <span word="media">media</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="National">National</span> <span word="Gallery">Gallery</span>, <span word="Oslo">Oslo</span>, <span word="holds">holds</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="painted">painted</span> <span word="versions">versions</span> . <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Munch">Munch</span> <span word="Museum">Museum</span> <span word="holds">holds</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="painted">painted</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pastel">pastel</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1893. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="three">three</span> <span word="versions">versions</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="traveled">traveled</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="fourth">fourth</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="for">for</span> $119,922,600 <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Sothebys">Sothebys</span> <span word="Impressionist">Impressionist</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Modern">Modern</span> <span word="art">art</span> <span word="auction">auction</span> <span word="on">on</span> 2 <span word="May">May</span> 2012 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="financier">financier</span> <span word="Leon">Leon</span> <span word="Black">Black</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="nominal">nominal</span> <span word="price">price</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="painting">painting</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="auction">auction</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="painting">painting</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="display">display</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Museum">Museum</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Modern">Modern</span> <span word="Art">Art</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="York">York</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="six">six</span> <span word="months">months</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="October">October</span> 2012 <span word="to">to</span> <span word="March">March</span> 2013.</p><p> <span word="Also">Also</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1895, <span word="Munch">Munch</span> <span word="created">created</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lithograph">lithograph</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="image">image</span>. <span word="Of">Of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lithograph">lithograph</span> <span word="prints">prints</span> <span word="produced">produced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Munch">Munch</span>, <span word="several">several</span> <span word="examples">examples</span> <span word="survive">survive</span>. <span word="Only">Only</span> <span word="approximately">approximately</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span> <span word="prints">prints</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="original">original</span> <span word="stone">stone</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="resurfaced">resurfaced</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="printer">printer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Munchs">Munchs</span> <span word="absence">absence</span>.</p><p> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Scream">Scream</span> has been the target of several high-profile art thefts. In 1994, the version in the National Gallery was stolen. It was recovered several months later. In 2004, both The Scream and Madonna were stolen from the Munch Museum, and recovered two years later.</p>
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