雅思阅读技巧：高分与时间的矛盾
<p>(一)介绍类学术说明文的结构</p><p>要判断文章类别，一般看标题就可以了。介绍类文章是对某事物或现象进行描述或介绍，所以标题一般为名词短语或者以<span word="How">How</span>开头的疑问句。具体结构如下：</p><p>-<span word="Introduce">Introduce</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="phenomenon">phenomenon</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="fact">fact</span>.</p><p>-<span word="Detailed">Detailed</span> <span word="Description">Description</span>:</p><p><span word="Timeline">Timeline</span>/<span word="Different">Different</span> <span word="Aspects">Aspects</span>/<span word="Logic">Logic</span> <span word="Development">Development</span></p><p>-<span word="Look">Look</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="future">future</span>/<span word="Summary">Summary</span></p><p>无论什么文章，起始段总是引出主题，所以多用叙述描写性语言，或介绍现象，或陈述事实，或交代问题。</p><p>在介绍类说明文中，中间断落是对事物细节的展开描述，各种话题可以通过三种不同方式展开。第一类时间顺序，通常用于陈述一个历史事件，例如剑五中的 <span word="Johnsons">Johnsons</span> <span word="Dictionary">Dictionary</span>就是这一类。第二类并列或递进，从各个侧面来介绍，例如剑四中的<span word="What">What</span> <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="Whales">Whales</span> <span word="feel">feel</span>?，一看标题就知道是介绍鲸鱼各个感官的，属于并列结构。第三类是逻辑顺序，据笔者统计，环境自然类文章多依照这种顺序，下文对此会作详细评 述，这里不再赘言。</p><p>(二)论证类文章的结构</p><p>(1)实验类文章</p><p>-<span word="Introduce">Introduce</span> <span word="Experiment">Experiment</span></p><p>-<span word="Pre">Pre</span>-<span word="experiment">experiment</span> (<span word="Subjects">Subjects</span>, <span word="Tools">Tools</span>, <span word="Methods">Methods</span>)</p><p>-<span word="Experiment">Experiment</span> <span word="Process">Process</span></p><p>-<span word="Result">Result</span> (<span word="Collecting">Collecting</span> <span word="Data">Data</span>)</p><p>-<span word="Analyses">Analyses</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Syntheses">Syntheses</span></p>
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