托福阅读排除题解析 考察细节程序段落主题
<p> 我们大体可以把排除题分为三个考察方向：1 对最基本的细节信息理解的考察。2 对事件发展程序理解的考察。3 对文章或段落主题抓取能力的考察。</p><p> 一、对最基本的细节信息理解的考察</p><p> 这里可以用更简单的说法：从词中选。 所谓从词中选，就是可以在文章中找到几个名词，他们排列存在，共同构成某一事件的所有细节。这时候，出题者会提取出其中三个，并在文章别处或者自编一个跟本事件并无关系的名词（词组）。</p><p> 请看下面的例子：</p><p> <span word="In">In</span>1943, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="government">government</span> <span word="imposed">imposed</span> <span word="rent">rent</span> <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="help">help</span> <span word="solve">solve</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="problem">problem</span> <span word="ofhousing">ofhousing</span> <span word="shortages">shortages</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="wartime">wartime</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="federal">federal</span> <span word="program">program</span> <span word="ended">ended</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="war">war</span>, <span word="butin">butin</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="locations">locations</span>, <span word="including">including</span> <span word="NY">NY</span>, <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="continued">continued</span>. <span word="Under">Under</span> <span word="NYs">NYs</span> <span word="controls">controls</span>, <span word="alandlord">alandlord</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="cannot">cannot</span> <span word="raise">raise</span> <span word="rents">rents</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="apartments">apartments</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="long">long</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="tenantscontinue">tenantscontinue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="renew">renew</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="leases">leases</span>. <span word="In">In</span> <span word="places">places</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Santa">Santa</span> <span word="Monica">Monica</span>, <span word="California">California</span>, <span word="rentcontrols">rentcontrols</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="recent">recent</span>. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="spurred">spurred</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="inflation">inflation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1970<span word="s">s</span>, <span word="whichcombined">whichcombined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Californias">Californias</span> <span word="rapid">rapid</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="growth">growth</span>, <span word="pushed">pushed</span> <span word="housing">housing</span> <span word="prices">prices</span>, <span word="aswell">aswell</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="rents">rents</span>, <span word="to">to</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="levels">levels</span>.</p><p> <span word="Which">Which</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="NOT">NOT</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="forthe">forthe</span> <span word="introduction">introduction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="rent">rent</span> <span word="controls">controls</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Santa">Santa</span> <span word="Monica">Monica</span>, <span word="California">California</span>?</p><p> <span word="A">A</span>. <span word="Rapid">Rapid</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="growth">growth</span></p><p> <span word="B">B</span>. <span word="Inflation">Inflation</span></p><p> <span word="C">C</span>. <span word="Economic">Economic</span> <span word="conditions">conditions</span> <span word="duringwartime">duringwartime</span></p>
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