托福阅读逻辑出题点解析：分类别逻辑得分要点
<p> 托福阅读中，分类别逻辑也是常考查的高频逻辑之一。主观题和客观题目都有涉及，但以客观题为主。</p><p> （1）如<span word="TPO">TPO</span>中的这道细节题</p><p> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 2：<span word="During">During</span> <span word="wakefulness">wakefulness</span>, <span word="breathing">breathing</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="controlled">controlled</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="interacting">interacting</span> <span word="systems">systems</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="automatic">automatic</span>, <span word="metabolic">metabolic</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="whose">whose</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="centered">centered</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="stem">stem</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="subconsciously">subconsciously</span> <span word="adjusts">adjusts</span> <span word="breathing">breathing</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="depth">depth</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="order">order</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="regulate">regulate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="carbon">carbon</span> <span word="dioxide">dioxide</span> (<span word="C">C</span>02,) <span word="and">and</span> <span word="oxygen">oxygen</span> (02,), <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="acid">acid</span>-<span word="base">base</span> <span word="ratio">ratio</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="blood">blood</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="second">second</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="voluntary">voluntary</span>, <span word="behavioral">behavioral</span> <span word="system">system</span>. <span word="Its">Its</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="center">center</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="based">based</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forebrain">forebrain</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="regulates">regulates</span> <span word="breathing">breathing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="speech">speech</span>, <span word="singing">singing</span>, <span word="sighing">sighing</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="on">on</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="capable">capable</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="ignoring">ignoring</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="overriding">overriding</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="automatic">automatic</span>, <span word="metabolic">metabolic</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="produces">produces</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="irregular">irregular</span> <span word="pattern">pattern</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="breathing">breathing</span>.</p><p> 题目：<span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="paragraph">paragraph</span> 2, <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="following">following</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="voluntary">voluntary</span> <span word="breathing">breathing</span> <span word="system">system</span> <span word="EXCEPT">EXCEPT</span>:</p><p> 选项<span word="A">A</span> ：<span word="It">It</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="center">center</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="stem">stem</span></p><p> 这个段落里将<span word="two">two</span> <span word="interacting">interacting</span> <span word="systems">systems</span> 分成两个类别，题目是找出不属于第二个类别的表述，选项<span word="A">A</span>属于第一个类别特点，选项的设置采用了张冠李戴。</p><p> （2）再如<span word="TPO">TPO</span>中的这道细节题</p><p> <span word="Paragraph">Paragraph</span> 5 ：<span word="The">The</span> <span word="causes">causes</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="rebound">rebound</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="consequences">consequences</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="actions">actions</span>. <span word="First">First</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="major">major</span> <span word="predators">predators</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="deer">deer</span>---<span word="wolves">wolves</span>, <span word="cougar">cougar</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="lynx">lynx</span>--<span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="greatly">greatly</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span>. <span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="conservation">conservation</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="insured">insured</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="limiting">limiting</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="types">types</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="hunting">hunting</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="profound">profound</span> <span word="reason">reason</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="restoration">restoration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="numbers">numbers</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gate">gate</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="forests">forests</span>. <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="tracts">tracts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="lowland">lowland</span> <span word="country">country</span> <span word="deforested">deforested</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="logging">logging</span>, <span word="fire">fire</span>, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="both">both</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="become">become</span> <span word="ideal">ideal</span> <span word="feeding">feeding</span> <span word="grounds">grounds</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="deer">deer</span>.</p>
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