托福阅读难点解析：突破阅读长难句的办法
<p> 在做托福阅读文章时，经常会遇见这样一些句子，它们不仅包含的单词多，而且结构复杂，层层嵌套。有时即使单词都认识，但也不能准确把握其中意思。这种句子我们统统称为长难句。下面这篇文章将介绍一些长难句的特点和解析的方法。</p><p> 1. 定义：如果句子只包含一个主谓结构，句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示。</p><p> 2. 分析方法：对于难度较大的简单句，阅读的基本方法是确定句子的主、谓、宾，找出句子的主干，忽略其他的成分，将长句变成短句，将句型结构复杂的句子变成句型结构简单的句子。</p><p> 3. 复杂的简单句解析：</p><p> (1)不定式及不定式短语做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语</p><p> 例1.<span word="To">To</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="accountable">accountable</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span>.</p><p> 中文译文：督促人们为自己的行为负责是十分重要的。</p><p> 结构分析：不定式短语<span word="to">to</span> <span word="hold">hold</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="accountable">accountable</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="action">action</span> 做主语。</p><p> (2)动名词及动名词短语做主语、表语、宾语</p><p> 例2. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="involves">involves</span> <span word="probing">probing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="deeply">deeply</span> <span word="rooted">rooted</span> <span word="concerns">concerns</span>, <span word="devising">devising</span> <span word="creative">creative</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="lutions">lutions</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="trade">trade</span>-<span word="offs">offs</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="compromises">compromises</span> <span word="where">where</span> <span word="interests">interests</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="opposed">opposed</span>.</p><p> 中文译文：它涉及到探究深层次的关注，想出有创造性的解决方案，以及当利益矛盾时，做出交易和妥协。</p>
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