美国习惯用语-第279讲:从零开始有待深入
<p>今天我们要讲的习惯用语里都有一个主要的单词：<span word="scratch">scratch</span>。很多人都知道<span word="scratch">scratch</span>这个词的意思是抓、或者刨刮表面。你要是给蚊子叮了一口，你就会这样做：<span word="scratch">scratch</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="skin">skin</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="fingernails">fingernails</span>。就是你会用指甲去抓痒。也许不少人都知道这句很有意思的俗语：<span word="You">You</span> <span word="scratch">scratch</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Ill">Ill</span> <span word="scratch">scratch</span> <span word="yours">yours</span>. 这句话直译就是：你给我搔背，我也为你抓痒痒。它风趣地表达了彼此帮忙、相互捧场的意思。<span word="Scratch">Scratch</span>在这里都当动词用，但是它也可以作名词，而且有新的含意。 </p><p>一百多年前人们在赛前用棍子在泥沙跑道上划出一条直线，运动员就从这儿起步，所以<span word="scratch">scratch</span>可以解释起跑线。我们今天要学的第一个习惯用语，就有这个名词。<span word="Start">Start</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="scratch">scratch</span>，也许很多人听了这个短语会想：它的意思不就是从起跑线开始吗？你先别忙下结论。我们先来听下面这段话，说的是鼎鼎大名的肯德基炸鸡店的发迹。你知道肯德基炸鸡店英文怎么说吗？<span word="Kentucky">Kentucky</span> <span word="Fried">Fried</span> <span word="Chicken">Chicken</span>。好，我们来听这段话。请注意<span word="start">start</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="scratch">scratch</span>这个短语的含义。</p><p>例句-1: <span word="He">He</span> <span word="started">started</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="scratch">scratch</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="small">small</span> <span word="chicken">chicken</span> <span word="restaurant">restaurant</span> <span word="down">down</span> <span word="south">south</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="worked">worked</span> <span word="hard">hard</span>, <span word="had">had</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="luck">luck</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="Kentucky">Kentucky</span> <span word="Fried">Fried</span> <span word="Chicken">Chicken</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="sold">sold</span> <span word="around">around</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span>. 肯德基炸鸡店的创办人白手起家，从南方的一家路边小餐馆做起。他既勤奋又有运气，发展成今天行销全球的肯德基炸鸡。 </p>
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