美国习惯用语-第19期:To bail out,Nose dive
<p>「美国习惯用语」第十九讲</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="bail">bail</span> <span word="out">out</span> </p><p><span word="Nose">Nose</span> <span word="dive">dive</span> </p><p>每一种语言都反映了各个民族的文化习俗和社会发展。美国的许多成语和俗语也不例外。它们不仅表现了美国历史上各个不同阶段的特点，而且也反映了这个国家当代的特色。四十年前，乘飞机在美国还是少有的事，现在已经成了人们旅行的一种很普通的交通工具。对于某些经常到外地去的人，坐飞机已经像乘公共汽车一样。有些夫妻分居两地的人，每个周末乘飞机回家也不是很特殊的事了。今天我们要讲两个由飞行俗语而变成日常用语的词汇。过去，当飞行员在空中发现汽油不足或是机器出了故障，他们就不得不用降落伞，以保生命的安全。这在英文里就叫：To bail out。<span word="To">To</span> <span word="bail">bail</span> <span word="out">out</span> 用在飞行方面就是从飞机上跳伞。可是，现在除了军用飞机外，很少飞行员还带着降落伞飞行。<span word="To">To</span> <span word="bail">bail</span> <span word="out">out</span> 现在已经成了一个日常用的词汇，它的意思就是摆脱一些麻烦或危险。比如说，一个人在谈到他的朋友的时候说： </p><p>例句-1: "<span word="Smith">Smith</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="lucky">lucky</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bail">bail</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="quit">quit</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="company">company</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="went">went</span> <span word="bankrupt">bankrupt</span>."</p><p>他说：“施密斯还算是运气，在那个公司倒闭前就辞职了。” </p><p>下面一个例子是说怎么样帮助别人渡过经济难关： </p><p>例句-2: "<span word="After">After</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="restaurant">restaurant</span> <span word="failed">failed</span>, <span word="Bill">Bill</span> <span word="couln">couln</span>\'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="pay">pay</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="money">money</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="had">had</span> <span word="borrowed">borrowed</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bank">bank</span>. <span word="He">He</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="afraid">afraid</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="bank">bank</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="he">he</span>\'<span word="d">d</span> <span word="put">put</span> <span word="up">up</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="security">security</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="dad">dad</span> <span word="bailed">bailed</span> <span word="him">him</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="paid">paid</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="loan">loan</span> <span word="off">off</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="him">him</span>."</p>
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