课外写作
<p>除了对学生进行直接的写作训练外，开辟第二课堂的课外写作(<span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="class">class</span>)活动是激发他们的写作兴趣，提高写作能力必不可少的举措。写周记(<span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="writing">writing</span>)是课外写作的一种重要形式。美国的大中学校英语写作课一般都明确要求学生写周记。在笔者就读的美国一所大学，教师上写作课的第一天就明文要求：</p><p><span word="Journal">Journal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="subject">subject</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="lasts">lasts</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="semester">semester</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="gives">gives</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="excellent">excellent</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="practise">practise</span> <span word="thinking">thinking</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="writing">writing</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="English">English</span>.<span word="It">It</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="serves">serves</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="record">record</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="thoughts">thoughts</span>，<span word="feelings">feelings</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ideas">ideas</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="semester">semester</span>.</p><p><span word="a">a</span>)<span word="Put">Put</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="outside">outside</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="your">your</span> <span word="journal">journal</span>.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="lost">lost</span>，<span word="someone">someone</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="return">return</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="you">you</span>.</p><p><span word="b">b</span>)<span word="Include">Include</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="date">date</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="write">write</span>.</p><p><span word="c">c</span>)<span word="Your">Your</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="confidential">confidential</span>.<span word="The">The</span> <span word="teacher">teacher</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="show">show</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="tell">tell</span> <span word="anyone">anyone</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="write">write</span>.</p><p>教师强调说，第二点特别重要，即你每次写作应标明写作日期，这样可防止学生采取应付态度一连写几篇周记。</p><p>考虑到学生总体时间分配上的需要，实践证明，一周一记(文)更为广大学生所乐于接受，也更能持之以恒。由于周记一般不交给他人阅读，带有保密 (<span word="confidential">confidential</span>)性质，作者可尽情写人记事，吐露心声，这样容易实现教学的把表达思想放在首位的要求;教师主要检查与督促学生是否在规定时间完成了规定的写作任务，而毋须去具体修改。当然，教师本人可审读学生的周记，在合适的时候也可让学生自荐内容可公开的、质量可代表自己水平的周记在一定范围内进行交流。由于周记实质上使学生的习作呈细水长流的态势，从而使学生的习作在数量上得到进一步保证</p>
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