实用英语写作的技巧 (第14单元)
<p>第十四单元 推展段落方法之六</p><p>比较与对比法</p><p>14.1比较与对比法</p><p>有时为了说明某一事物，需要与其他事物联系起来才能阐述清楚，这就是对比或比较（<span word="comparison">comparison</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="contrast">contrast</span>）。比较方法和对比方法基本一致，不同的是比较强调两事物如何相同，对比强调两事物如何不同。</p><p>示范段落14－1</p><p><span word="Life">Life</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="quite">quite</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="suburbs">suburbs</span>.<span word="People">People</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="constantly">constantly</span> <span word="exposed">exposed</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="hustle">hustle</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bustle">bustle</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="urban">urban</span> <span word="life">life</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="suburbs">suburbs</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="quiet">quiet</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="casual">casual</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="generally">generally</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="low">low</span>－<span word="key">key</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span>.<span word="If">If</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="dwellers">dwellers</span> <span word="want">want</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="grass">grass</span>，<span word="they">they</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="public">public</span> <span word="parks">parks</span>.<span word="On">On</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="hand">hand</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="streets">streets</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="suburban">suburban</span> <span word="communities">communities</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="lined">lined</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="trees">trees</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="shrubs">shrubs</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="each">each</span> <span word="house">house</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="grassy">grassy</span> <span word="yard">yard</span>.<span word="A">A</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="sources">sources</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="entertainment">entertainment</span>，<span word="but">but</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="living">living</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="suburan">suburan</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="go">go</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="city">city</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="entertainment">entertainment</span>.</p><p>示范段落14－2</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="llama">llama</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="member">member</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camel">camel</span> <span word="family">family</span>.<span word="Like">Like</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camel">camel</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="llama">llama</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="weeks">weeks</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="drink">drink</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="water">water</span>.<span word="Both">Both</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="moisture">moisture</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="grass">grass</span>，<span word="shrubs">shrubs</span>，<span word="and">and</span> <span word="other">other</span> <span word="plants">plants</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="eat">eat</span>.<span word="But">But</span> <span word="unlike">unlike</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="camel">camel</span>，<span word="the">the</span> <span word="llama">llama</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="no">no</span> <span word="hump">hump</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="back">back</span>.</p><p>14.2示范段落分析</p><p>示范段落14－1所用的支配方法是对比。作者对比城市生活与城郊生活。而示范段落14－2同时运用了比较和对比方法，既描绘了无峰驼和骆驼的共同点，也描绘了不同点。</p>
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